Nokia Corporation

Nokia Telecommunications Oy

Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.p.

Hewlett-Packard Company

Baranitharan Subbiah

Sudhir Sharan Dixit

Chi-Lie Wang

Scott William Mitchell

Senthil Sengodan

Kap Soh

Lomberto P Jimenez

Sudhakar Rao

Sanjay Katabathuni

Maria Hu

Shoby A Cherian

Raymond Su

In one embodiment of a networking module, a first block receives a serial digital media signal, and provides a parallel digital media signal based on the serial digital media signal. A second block, operative with the first block, stores the parallel digital media signal in a corresponding slot in an outgoing frame, and sends the outgoing frame in response to receiving an incoming frame.

Method and apparatus for real-time transport of multi-media information in a network

A method and apparatus to provide encryption and authentication of a mini-packet in a multiplexed real time protocol (RTP) payload. Mini-packets are assembled into a payload wherein each mini-packet includes an associated mini-header for ensuring proper processing of each mini-packet. Padding is added to mini-packets when the mini-packets are encrypted to insure each mini-packet is an integral multiple of a predetermined block size. Padding for each mini-packet is determined according to p=n&#x2212;k*floor((n&#x2212;1)/k), wherein p is the amount of padding added to each mini-packet, n is the actual data size, and k is the block size. The padding added to the data for each packet comprises p&#x2212;1 units of padding and a final padding unit for indicating the amount of padding. An authenticator may also be added to each mini-packet. A length indicator is set in each mini-header for indicating a total length of the mini-packet including the authenticator. The authenticator may then be removed based upon knowing a type of authentication used for generating the authenticator.

Method and apparatus to provide encryption and authentication of a mini-packet in a multiplexed RTP payload

A method and apparatus for providing an interworking unit between ATM networks and IP networks. A gateway unit is provided that will interconnect a ATM (AAL2) based access/core network to an IP based (Mux in RTP). The gateway unit acts as an interface which is disposed between a first and second network, wherein the first network uses a first type of signaling and the second network uses a second type of signaling, and the interface translates signaling between the first and second networks. The interface further includes a control plane for translating signaling between the first and second network and/or a user plane for converting user data from the first type of signaling to the second type of signaling. The control plane maps services between the first and second networks and transfers the services between the first and second networks. The interface also includes at least one interface module and multiplexing module. The interface module includes a first type of interface module for providing connectivity to the first network and a second type of interface module for providing connectivity to the second network. The multiplexing modules includes a first type of multiplexing module for providing multiplexing and demultiplexing packets for the first type of signaling and a second type of multiplexing module for multiplexing and demultiplexing packets for the second type of signaling.

Method and apparatus for providing an interworking unit between ATM networks and IP networks

A method and apparatus for speeding up AAL connection setup during handover in advanced cellular networks. Connection parameters for the current AAL connection are bundled and transferred in a single message to be used setting up a new AAL connection in the coverage area. The method includes requesting a new AAL connection from a destination access network to a remote AAL peer by a serving access network, initiating an AAL connection setup by the destination access network upon receiving a handover request from a serving access network, bundling AAL connection parameters associated with an old AAL connection by the serving access network, transferring the bundled AAL connection parameters to the destination access network and establishing a new AAL connection to the remote AAL peer connection by the destination access network using the transferred AAL connection parameters. The transferring comprises encapsulating the AAL connection parameters within Radio Network System Application Part signaling. The serving access network may be a Base Station or a radio network controller. The destination access network may be a Base Station or a radio network controller.

Method and apparatus for speeding up AAL2 connection setup during handover in advanced cellular networks

A knowledge-based connection admission method is disclosed for efficient multiplexing of data and speech over AAL . The method uses a knowledge-based technique to decide when and what type of data traffic will be multiplexed with speech traffic in ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL ) environment. The knowledge-based connection technique supports low bit rate and delay sensitive applications such as mobile telephony in an ATM environment by maximizing the use of available bandwidth. The method includes monitoring ATM cells for a AAL connection, determining whether the ATM cells contain unused bytes and multiplexing data traffic with speech traffic on the AAL connection when the data meets a predetermined set of requirements. The method determines whether the data traffic requires a bandwidth that exceeds a bandwidth provided by the unused bytes and multiplexes the data traffic with the speech traffic when the bandwidth required by the data traffic does not exceeds the bandwidth provided by the unused bytes and prevents the multiplexing of the data traffic with the speech traffic when the bandwidth required by the data traffic exceeds the bandwidth provided by the unused bytes. The unused bytes represent silence periods during speech traffic. System observations are gathered and processed with prior knowledge about the system. Based upon the processing, whether the data traffic is suitable for multiplexing with speech traffic is determined and the data is multiplexed with the speech traffic when the data traffic is determined to be suitable for multiplexing with speech traffic in the unused bytes of the speech ATM cells.

Knowledge-based connection admission method and apparatus for providing efficient multiplexing of data and speech over AAL2

A method and system supports multilevel QoS (Quality of Service) in transferring a plurality of packets from a local peer entity to a remote peer entity of a communication system, such as a mobile environment using AAL2. During AAL2 Negotiation Procedures (ANP), QoS requirement of each user is obtained either from the user or a computed based on the call setup and is recorded in a ANP memory. After a successful call request negotiation and after a corresponding packet is received by a AAL2 service module, the packet's QoS recorded in the memory is checked. Based on the QoS, the packet is placed into a queue of the AAL2 service module with the same QoS such that a plurality of packets having the same QoS are grouped into the same queue. The packets are transferred from the local peer entity to the remote peer entity based on different QoS requirements.

Adaptive scheduling method and apparatus to service multilevel QoS in AAL2

A method of switching partial minicells in an AAL2 switching network without the need for re-assembly of the partial minicells at intermediate nodes. Identification of each remainder partial minicell ( ) is accomplished using an 8-bit channel identifier ( ), a double octet identifier ( ) or a triple octet identifier ( ) depending on traffic requirements. Each partial minicell is immediately transmitted based upon the identification code attached to each partial minicell.

Method and apparatus for efficient switching of partial minicells in ATM adaptation layer 2

A method and apparatus for providing mini packet switching in IP networks, e.g., IP based cellular access networks and IP telephony (IPTEL) gateway networks. The method and apparatus provide a signaling scheme that establishes a connection between the source and destination node, wherein channels at each intermediate node are associated for a single end-to-end connection. This enables demultiplexing and multiplexing mini packets at intermediate nodes in a RAN and CN. The method includes receiving a payload at a node, the payload including a plurality of multiplexed mini packets, each mini packet having a header, wherein the header identifies a user and a connection associated therewith, demultiplexing the mini packets, analyzing the header of each mini packet to determine a processing for the mini packet and multiplexing packets having a common next hop in a new RTP payload. The analyzing further includes identifying mini packets destined for a local user, the method further comprising transferring the mini packet to the local user. The method further includes transmitting the new payload to the common next hop. A local channel identification table is updated to provide the necessary route selection in a mini packet switching system.

Method and apparatus for providing mini packet switching in IP based cellular access networks

A method and data structure for preventing the misconcatenation of partial packets when an even number of packets are lost over the network. A channel identifier code is added to the head of a remainder partial packet to allow the remainder partial packet to reassembled with a prior partial packet having the same channel identifier code. The method includes the steps of determining whether each packet will be divided into a first partial packet and a remainder partial packet at an ATM cell boundary, adding a CID at the beginning of each remainder partial packet, assembling the first and remainder partial packets into ATM cells, transmitting the ATM cells, receiving the ATM cells, verifying whether a first partial packet and a remainder partial packet in the received ATM cells have the same CID and assembling the first partial packet and the remainder partial packet into a single packet when the CIDs match. The method may also includes the steps of discarding the first and remainder partial packets when the CIDs do not match or sending the first partial packet to a user identified by the CID for the first partial packet and the remainder partial packet to a user identified by the CID for the remainder partial packet. The CID comprises a one byte code. The data structure for the ATM cell includes a header and a payload assembled to the header, the payload comprising at least one packet, wherein the at least one packet comprises a remainder partial packet having a channel identifier code attached thereto to identify the user for the remainder partial packet.

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Sunnyvale, CA, United States of America

Baranitharan Subbiah