Praxair Technology, Inc.

Sp Industries, Inc.

Balazs Hunek

Theodore Hall Gasteyer

Nigel Grinter

Robert Rex Sever

Melinda Lee Verdone

Amitabh Gupta

Ying Zhou

Yeu-Chuan Simon Ho

Alan T Y Cheng

Gary Dee Lang

John M Girard

Sameer H Israni

Soujanya N Jampala

Steven Michael McCarty

Richard N Hasty

Alan T Cheng

Bryce Mark Rampersad

Theodore H Gasteyer

Bryce Rampersad

Theodore Hall Iii Gasteyer

Alan Ty Cheng

Gary D Lang

Particulate material is cooled by passing into the material a coolant stream of liquid nitrogen having a gaseous product around at least a portion of the liquid nitrogen, wherein the coolant stream is formed outside the particulate material in a nozzle body from which the coolant stream is passed into the particulate material.

Cooling particulate material with nitrogen

Disclosed are methods and apparatus for forming frozen food products, especially frozen foamed food products wherein the products contain bubbles having a reduced average size preferably in a narrow size range or contain ice crystals having reduced size.

Method and apparatus for producing frozen food products

Disclosed are a system and a method for dissolving water-soluble gas such as oxygen into water, employing microporous membrane.

System and method for feeding gas into liquid

System and method for lyophilization or freeze-drying is provided. During the freezing step, the material or solution to be frozen is initially brought to a temperature near or below its freezing temperature after which the pressure in the freeze-dryer chamber is reduced to induce nucleation of the material.

Lyophilization system and method

Methods of inducing nucleation of a material is provided. The disclosed methods comprise the steps of bringing the material to a temperature near or below a phase transition temperature and altering the pressure to induce nucleation of the material. The disclosed methods are useful in freeze-drying processes, particularly pharmaceutical freeze-drying processes.

Method of inducing nucleation of a material

A bioreactor with an upward flowing impeller system for controlling a mammalian cell culture process is provided. The disclosed system enables control of the cell culture process by controlling the level of dissolved carbon dioxide in the cell culture media and prevent increases in the osmolality level is achieved by enhanced stripping of carbon dioxide via surface gas exchange with little or no damage to the mammalian cells. The use of an upward flow impeller combined with vertical baffles converts the swirling motions of the cell culture media into a largely vertical flow and promotes the removal of dissolved carbon dioxide via surface gas exchange with a sweep gas flowing over the top surface of the cell culture media within the bioreactor vessel.

Bioreactor with upward flowing impeller system for use in a mammalian cell culture process

A freeze-dryer and method of controlling the same is provided. The disclosed freeze-dryer includes a chamber adapted to hold material or product to be freeze-dried; one or more depressurization orifices; a gas pressurization circuit having a source of gas to pressurize the chamber to a prescribed pressure; a depressurization circuit coupled to the chamber via the one or more orifices and having a depressurizing control valve; and a control unit adapted to pressurize the chamber with the source of gas and actuate the depressurizing control valve to depressurize the chamber upon command. The ratio of total depressurization orifice area to the chamber volume is preferably between about 6&#xd7;10and about 4&#xd7;10m/m.

Freeze-dryer and method of controlling the same

A system and method for controlling a mammalian cell culture process are provided. Such control of the cell culture process involves control of the level of dissolved carbon dioxide in the cell culture media and the resulting ability to prevent increases in the osmolality level is achieved by enhanced stripping of carbon dioxide with little or no damage to the mammalian cells. The disclosed methods and systems of dissolved carbon dioxide stripping include enhanced surface gas exchange mechanisms within the bioreactor vessel through the use of an upward flow impeller combined with vertical baffles to convert swirling motions of the liquid into a largely vertical flow.

System and method for controlling a mammalian cell culture process

Methods for controlling the level of dissolved carbon dioxide and limiting osmolality in a mammalian cell culture process to enhance cell growth, viability and density, and increase biologic product concentration and yield are provided. Such control of the level of dissolved carbon dioxide and pH as well as the resulting ability to limit osmolality in a mammalian cell culture process is achieved by adopting alternative pH control strategies and COstripping techniques during a mammalian cell culture process. Such pH control techniques and carbon dioxide stripping occur without foam and with little or no damage to the mammalian cells.

Method for controlling pH, osmolality and dissolved carbon dioxide levels in a mammalian cell culture process to enhance cell viability and biologic product yield

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Chicago, IL, United States of America

Balazs Hunek