California Institute of Technology

Aydin Babakhani

Seyed Ali Hajimiri

Abbas Komijani

Arun Sridhar Natarajan

Kaushik Sengupta

David B Rutledge

Steven Bowers

Xiang Guan

Arthur H Chang

The invention relates to an antenna structure for coupling electromagnetic energy between a chip and an off-chip element, including a first resonant structure disposed on or in a chip. The first resonant structure is configured to have a first resonant frequency. The antenna structure also includes a second resonant structure disposed on or in an off-chip element. The second resonant structure is configured to have a second resonant frequency substantially the same as the first resonant frequency. The first resonant structure and the second resonant structure are mutually disposed within a near field distance of each other to form a coupled antenna structure that is configured to couple electromagnetic energy between the chip and the off-chip element. The electromagnetic energy has a selected wavelength in a wavelength range from microwave to sub-millimeter wave. The invention also relates to a method of calculating dimensions for a highly coupled antenna structure.

On-chip highly-efficient antennas using strong resonant coupling

An integrated power amplifier includes a divider and a combiner. The integrated power amplifier also includes two or more amplifiers. Each of the amplifier input terminals is electrically coupled to a divider output terminal and each of the amplifier output terminals is electrically coupled to a combiner input terminal. At least one power sensor is configured to provide a power amplifier performance metric. The divider and the combiner include a plurality of actuators. Each actuator has at least one actuator control terminal which is configured to provide an actuator setting. The actuators are configured via the actuator control terminals to optimize the power amplifier performance metric. Methods to simulate the operation of a self-healing power amplifier and a process for the operation of a self-healing circuit are also described.

Self-healing power amplifier: methods and apparatus

The invention is a radio transmitter that includes an antenna having at least one driven element and at least one reflector element. The driven element is electrically coupled to a radio carrier source. At least one of the driven elements or the at least one reflector element, includes at least one switch to modulate the radio carrier. Also, a secure communication system includes a radio transmitter configured to transmit a modulated signal within an information beam width. Also, a method for modulating a radio signal includes the steps of causing the transmitted carrier signal to be modulated by the modulation signal in response to switching the at least one reflector switch. Also, a method for selecting desirable antenna reflector switch combinations includes performing a mathematical simulation to determine whether the combination of reflector switch positions results in a modulated signal that can be demodulated within an information beam width.

Transmitter architecture based on antenna parasitic switching

A phased array mm-wave device includes a substrate, a mm-wave transmitter integrated onto the substrate configured to transmit a mm-wave signal and/or a mm-wave receiver integrated onto the substrate and configured to receive a mm-wave signal. The mm-wave device also includes a phased array antenna system integrated onto the substrate and including two or more antenna elements. The phased array mm-wave device also includes one or more dielectric lenses. A distributed mm-wave distributed combining tree circuit includes at least two pairs of differential transconductors with regenerative degeneration and accepts at least two differential input signals. Two mm-wave loopback methods measure the phased array antenna patterns and the performance of an integrated receiver transmitter system.

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Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Aydin Babakhani