Petroleo Brasileiro S.a. - Petrobras

Petroleo Brasileiro S.a.

Aurélio Medina Dubois

Wilson Kenzo Huziwara

José Geraldo Furtado Ramos

José Mozart Fusco

Emanuel Freire Sandes

Eduardo Cardoso De Melo Guerra

Paulo Sérgio Freire

Waldir Pedro Martignoni

Mauro Silva

Nelson Patricio Junior

Paulo Sergio Freire

Jorivaldo Medeiros

Luiz Carlos Casavechia

Andrea De Rezende Pinho

Jose Geraldo Ramos

Shelton Rolim Cercal

Moacir José Bampi

Eduardo C De Melo Guerra

Maria Celia Da Rocha

Monica Einsfeldt

Ingrid Alexandra Zech

Claudio Fonseca Santos

Francisco Carlos Barros

Moacir Jose Bampi

José Loreto Moreira De Faria

Cláudio Damiance Baptista

Edson José Joaquim De Souza

Paulo Sérgio Moreira Assumpção

Walcondiney Pereira Nunes

Cláudio Fonseca Machado Dos Santos

Andréa De Rezende Pinho

A system for sealing the legs of two stages of cyclones in series used in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, comprising a terminal leg configuration, which is devoid of moving parts and makes use of a long-radius curve, and which changes the flow direction of the descending mass flow of catalyst in dense phase into a plane orthogonal to the ascending gaseous flow. This prevents the entry of gaseous phase inside the leg, and promotes efficient sealing and preventing the 'packing-down' of the dense bed of particulates.

Sealing system for cyclone leg

The present invention relates to a system for the separation of suspensions of spent catalysts and hydrocarbons formed in an FCC unit with multiple ascending flow reaction tubes, comprising interconnections between each of the ascending flow reaction tubes and the separator vessel, each interconnection also comprises two sections. The outside sections of the separator vessel are inclined and are connected to a single vertical section, which penetrates into the interior of the separator vessel, and which has at its lower end an open device for draining the spent catalyst from the suspensions separated in this sector. In the same vertical section, at the end of its internal part at the separator vessel, a series of two sets of cyclones are installed, the first set containing cyclones without sealing legs, and the second set containing conventional cyclones of the first stage. The present invention also relates to a process for the separation of suspensions of spent catalysts and hydrocarbons using the said separation system.

System and process for the separation of suspensions of spent catalysts and hydrocarbons formed in a fluid catalytic cracking unit with multiple ascending flow reaction tubes

An improved cyclone system for disengaging solid and gaseous particles in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes with reduced coke formation in disengager vessels, without favoring release of the disengaged catalyst into cyclones in subsequent stages, said system comprising legless cyclonesfitted with external collector pipes, is described. The collector pipesoptimize the purge of gases coming from the disengager vessel, reducing the time the hydrocarbons remain inside the disengager vessel, thus preventing overcracking and subsequent coke formation. Positioning of the external collector pipesprevents release of the disengaged catalyst into cyclones in subsequent stages. The present invention also relates to a process and device for disengaging solid and gaseous particles in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, reducing coke formation in disengager vessels and minimizing the release of catalyst into consecutive stages, said process and device being part of the system of the present invention.

Process for disengaging solid and gaseous particles in FCC processes with reduced coke formation in disengager vessels

A device and a method for operating it for application in a vertical tube reactor with downward flow (downer), has the aim of ensuring the intimate mixing of the solid particulate catalyst with a reagent fluid. Homogeneous distribution of catalyst is due to the use of a plate having perforations. Said perforated plate normally allows the passage of a portion of the stream of catalyst. The other portion overflows the edge of the plate, flowing in the form of an annular curtain, near the inner surface of the surrounding tube of the device. After passing beyond the perforated plate, the curtain-flow undergoes a deflection produced by an annular screen, to be mixed with the stream originating from the orifices in the perforated plate. A hydrocarbon charge is injected below the perforated plate, forming a certain angle with respect to the direction of the downward flow of catalyst, by means of inlets distributed uniformly about cross sections of the surrounding tube. After the mixing region, the diameter of the device, when smaller than the diameter of the associated tube reactor, expands slightly.

Multifunctional entry device for a downward flow tube reactor

An improved cyclone system for disengaging solid and gaseous particles in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes with reduced coke formation in disengager vessels, without favoring release of the disengaged catalyst into cyclones in subsequent stages, said system comprising legless cyclonesfitted with external collector pipes, is described. The collector pipesoptimize the purge of gases coming from the disengager vessel, reducing the time the hydrocarbons remain inside said disengager vessel, thus preventing overcracking and subsequent coke formation. Positioning of the external collector pipesprevents release of the disengaged catalyst into cyclones in subsequent stages. The present invention also relates to a process and device for disengaging solid and gaseous particles in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, reducing coke formation in disengager vessels and minimizing the release of catalyst into consecutive stages, said process and device being part of the system of the present invention.

Cyclone system for disengaging solid and gaseous particles in FCC systems with reduced coke formation in disengager vessels

An apparatus for downflow fluid catalytic cracking is described, which comprises a regenerated catalyst riser carrying regenerated catalyst and a carrying fluid, those being directed through a crossover section to a distributor that will centrifuge gas and separate catalyst from carrying fluid, the catalyst being directed to a downflow reactor through a distributing basket provided with perforations. The upper part of the reactor is provided with feed injectors, which atomize the feed so that feed vaporization and feed and catalyst admixture is optimized. After the cracking reaction in downflow reactor, reaction products are separated and spent catalyst is directed to stripping and regeneration sections. The FCC process carried out in the apparatus is also described.

Apparatus and process for downflow fluid catalytic cracking

A second stage cyclone dipleg termination device for cyclones that operate under conditions in which the pressure in the top of the cyclone dipleg is lower than the external pressure where fine particulate matter is collected and discharged. The second stage cyclone dipleg termination device operates in a separator vessel () or a vessel of the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) converter to reverse the pressure conditions commonly found in this type of equipment. One end of a cyclone dipleg () is joined to a collector vessel (), in such a way that a portion of the dipleg () enters into the inside of the collector vessel (). The end of the dipleg () is connected to the conventional, normally used sealing device () in second stage cyclone () diplegs (). The collector vessel (), in turn, has on its bottom an outlet in the form of the dipleg (). On the inside of this outlet an injector device is introduced () through which a fluid under high pressure is discharged, associated with a 'venturi' type nozzle (), which moves or drags the particulate matter discharged by the dipleg () of the cyclone () through the sealing valves (), inside the collector vessel () the exterior of the collector vessel ().

Second stage cyclone dipleg termination device in FCC units

A feed-dispersion system for hydrocarbon feeds of fluid catalytic cracking units is described, which comprises:

Feed-dispersion system for fluid catalytic cracking units

A process for the fluid catalytic cracking of heavy feeds under a heat balance regime is described, where one or more catalyst coolers external to the regenerator cool a stream of regenerated catalyst. A portion of said stream returns to the regenerator and a portion of the cooled regenerated catalyst is admixed to the non-cooled regenerated catalyst at a temperature substantially lower than the regenerator temperature, said admixture being brought into contact with the hydrocarbon feed to be cracked. As a result, the control of the catalyst circulation is rendered independent from the heat balance of the unit, with minimization of the thermal cracking, and therefore lower coke and fuel gas products.

Process for the fluid catalytic cracking of heavy feedstocks

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Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Aurélio Medina Dubois