Saxon Glass Technologies, Inc.

General Electric Company

Alfred University

Arun Kumar Varshneya

Patrick Kenneth Kreski

Robert L Snyder

William L Taylor

Atit Bhargava

There is an article of manufacture. The article includes an alkali aluminosilicate glass object. The glass object is characterized by having at least one of: a surface compression of &#x2267;about 100,000 psi with a case depth of &#x2267;about 600 microns; and/or a compressive stress of &#x2267;about 30,000 psi at &#x2267;about 50 microns below a surface of the glass object and above the case depth.

Strengthened glass

Chemically strengthened glass with reduced induced curvature and a method for making utilizing a heat treatment are provided. The method includes providing a substrate, having a width, and characterized by having a glass chemical structure including host alkali ions having an average ionic radius situated in the glass chemical structure. The substrate also includes dimensional volumes including a treatment-rich volume and a treatment-poor volume located as opposed to each other in the provided substrate. The method also includes heating the provided substrate to a heat-treating temperature for a heat-treating period to produce a heat-treated substrate. The method also includes providing an exchange medium including invading alkali ions. The method also includes applying the exchange medium and conducting ion exchange to produce the strengthened substrate with reduced induced curvature.

Strengthened glass and methods for making using heat treatment

There is a transparent armor system. The system comprises a transparent front region comprising a strike-face layer. The front region includes a mass of a type of material characterized by having sufficient energy absorption capacity and energy dissipation properties to reduce radial tensile stresses and hoop tensile stresses caused by an impact at the strike face to a set reduced level. The impact has impact energy caused by an impact projectile having a mass hitting the strike-face layer. The system further comprises a transparent back region comprising a potassium-sodium exchanged glass characterized by having a surface compression of at least about 50,000 psi and a compression case depth of at least about 200 microns. The potassium-sodium exchanged glass is present in one of a layer and a plurality of layers in the back region. There are also associated methods of making and methods of using.

Transparent armor systems, methods for making and methods for using

There is a method for making. The method includes providing an untreated alkali aluminosilicate glass having an annealing point temperature that is at least about 580&#xb0; C. The method also includes providing a mixed potassium and sodium salt bath having greater than about 50 mole % potassium salt and less than about 50 mole % sodium salt. The method also includes immersing the untreated glass in the mixed salt bath and maintaining the mixed salt bath with the immersed untreated glass within a temperature range from about 450&#xb0; C. to less than the annealing point temperature of the untreated glass for a period greater than about 2 hours to produce a strengthened glass. The produced strengthened glass has a surface compression of at least about 100,000 psi and a compression case depth of at least about 600 microns.

Method for making strengthened glass

Chemically strengthened lithium aluminosilicate glass is characterized by a surface compression of at least 100,000 psi and a compression case depth of at least 600 microns. The glass also may be characterized by a compression at 50 microns below a surface of the glass that is at least 30,000 psi. A method of making this glass includes providing a lithium aluminosilicate glass having a composition comprising (in weight %): LiO in an amount ranging from 3 to 9%, NaO+KO in an amount not greater than 3%, and AlOin an amount ranging from 7 to 30%. The composition provides the glass with an annealing point temperature of at least 580&#xb0; C. A mixed potassium and sodium salt bath is provided comprising predominantly potassium salt. A ratio of moles of sodium salt to moles of potassium salt in the mixed salt bath can range from 1:10 to 1:2. The temperature of the salt bath is maintained in a range of 450&#xb0; C. up to an annealing point temperature of the glass. The glass is immersed in the salt bath for a period ranging from 2 to 96 hours. The inventive strengthened glass has high strength effective to resist fracture upon flexing and includes: bullet-resistant glass, blast-resistant glass, glass for armored defense vehicles, windows for government buildings, windows for monuments, windows for vehicles, train transparencies, aircraft transparencies, hurricane-resistant windows, earthquake-resistant windows, bank teller windows, display cases, and ATM touch panels.

Chemically strengthened lithium aluminosilicate glass having high strength effective to resist fracture upon flexing

A process for preparing a glass-ceramic material with superconducting properties is disclosed. In the first step of this process, a powder batch comprised of a glass-former and of barium oxide, yttrium oxide, and copper oxide (or the precursors of one or more of these oxides) is provided. These oxides (or their precursors) are present in varying amounts for the Ba.sub.2 YCu.sub.3 O.sub.x composition. In the second step of the process, the powder batch is melted at a temperature of from about 1170 to 1300 degrees Celsius while under an oxygen-containing atmosphere. In the third step of the process, the molten batch is rapidly cooled, thereby forming glass. In the fourth step of the process, the glass is heat-treated at a temperature of from about 750 to about 950 degrees Celsius.

Process of making a superconducting glass-ceramic composition

A lead-free sealing glass consisting essentially of, in parts by weight, 8-25 BaO, 20-35 B.sub.2 O.sub.3, and 45-72 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 except for incidental impurities, residual fluxes and refining agents provides an improved molten sealing action especially useful for high temperature electric lamp envelopes and other electrical devices. More particularly, a protective molten seal utilizing said sealing glass is formed between a refractory metal inlead which extends into a larger sized opening of a fused quartz member by filling the free space between said opening in the fused quartz member and the refractory metal inlead with the aforementioned sealing glass composition and thereafter converting the sealing glass to a molten condition during device operation.

Quartz to metal seal

An improved sealing composition for use between alumina ceramic parts, or between alumina ceramic and refractory metal, is based on 40 wt% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 35 wt% CaO, 15 wt% BaO and 10 wt% SrO, and has an average thermal expansion coefficient of 95.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C. between 25.degree. C. and 600.degree. C. This composition after sealing achieves a closer match to the coefficient of thermal expansion of high density polycrystalline alumina (86.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C.) than previously available materials. In addition, it has a wider sealing range which facilitates seal processing.

Growing community of inventors

Alfred, NY, United States of America

Arun Kumar Varshneya