Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Bayer Cropscience Ag

Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh

Aventis Pharma Deutschland, Gmbh

Arno Schulz

Klaus Bartsch

Fabien Poree

Bernd Laber

Gudrun Lange

Ruediger Hain

Nathalie Knittel-Ottleben

Eugen Uhlmann

Hermann Bieringer

Lothar Willms

Klaus Bauer

Oswald Ort

Erwin Hacker

Martin Jeffrey Hills

Dominique Tripier

Klaus Sauber

Chris Rosinger

Hansjörg Krähmer

Hilmar Mildenberger

Burkhard Sachse

Laszlo Vertesy

Hans-Wolfram Fehlhaber

Peter Braun

Harald Knorr

Heribert Tetzlaff

Gerd F&uuml;lling

Joerg Freigang

Hansjoerg Kraehmer

Jörg Freigang

Hansjörg Krämer

The invention relates to a method of finding compounds which increase the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress factors acting on this plant, such as, for example, temperature (such as chill, frost or heat), water (such as dryness, drought or anoxia), or the chemical load (such as lack of or excess of mineral salts, heavy metals, gaseous noxious substances) by increasing the expression of plant-endogenous proteins, and to the use of these compounds for increasing the tolerance in plants to abiotic stress factors.

Active substances for increasing the stress defense in plants to abiotic stress, and methods of finding them

The present invention relates to nucleic acid sequences encoding a hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, abbreviated herein as HPPD) obtained from bacteria belonging to the genus, as well as the proteins encoded thereby, and to a chimeric gene which comprises such nucleic acid sequence, and to the use of such nucleic acid sequences, proteins or chimeric genes for obtaining plants which are tolerant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides.

Plants tolerant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides

The present invention relates to nucleic acid sequences encoding a hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, abbreviated herein as HPPD) obtained from Euryarchaeota belonging to the family Picrophilaceae, as well as the proteins encoded thereby, and to a chimeric gene which comprises such nucleic acid sequence, and to the use of such nucleic acid sequences, proteins or chimeric genes for obtaining plants which are tolerant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides.

The present invention relates to nucleic acid sequences encoding a hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, abbreviated herein as HPPD) obtained from protists belonging to the family Blepharismidae, as well as the proteins encoded thereby, and to a chimeric gene which comprises such nucleic acid sequence, and to the use of such nucleic acid sequences, proteins or chimeric genes for obtaining plants which are tolerant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides.

The present invention relates to nucleic acid sequences encoding a hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, abbreviated herein as HPPD) obtained from bacteria belonging to the subfamily Synechococcoideae, as well as the proteins encoded thereby, and to a chimeric gene which comprises such nucleic acid sequence, and to the use of such nucleic acid sequences, proteins or chimeric genes for obtaining plants which are tolerant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides.

The present invention relates to nucleic acid sequences encoding a hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, abbreviated herein as HPPD) obtained from bacteria belonging to the genusas well as the proteins encoded thereby, and to a chimeric gene which comprises such nucleic acid sequence, and to the use of such nucleic acid sequences, proteins or chimeric genes for obtaining plants which are tolerant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides.

Inhibitors of hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase and an assay for identification of inhibitors

A coupled enzyme reaction of a transaminase with GOT activity and of a transaminase with L-phosphinothricin transaminase activity produces phosphinothricin in virtually quantitative yield and virtually without any contamination whatever by a natural amino acid when the amino donor glutamate is employed in catalytic amounts and the amino donor aspartate is employed in approximately equimolar amounts relative to 4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)-2-oxobutyric acid.

Process for the preparation of L-phosphinothricin by a coupled enzymatic reaction

The preparation of L-2-amino-4-methylphosphinobutyric acid (L-PPT) by transamination of (3-carboxy-3-oxo-propyl)-methylphosphinic acid with the aid of the L-PPT-specific transaminase from,DH 1 is very much more efficient when the gene coding for this enzyme is isolated, incorporated into the plasmid and then a microorganism is transformed therewith.

Gene and gene structure coding for an aminotransferase, and microorganisms which express this gene

The preparation of L-2-amino-4-methylphosphinobutyric acid (L-PPT) by transamination of (3-carboxy-3-oxopropyl)-methylphosphinic acid with the aid of the L-PPT-specific transaminase from E. coli DH 1 is very much more efficient when the gene coding for this enzyme is isolated, incorporated into a plasmid and then a microorganism is transformed therewith.

Gene and gene structure coding for an aminotransferase, and

A gene and gene structure coding for an aminotransferase, and microorganisms which express this gene. The preparation of L-2-amino-4-methylphosphinobutyric acid (L-PPT) by transamination of (3-carboxy-3-oxopropyl)-methylphosphinic acid with the aid of the L-PPT-specific transaminase from E. coli DH 1 is very much more efficient when the gene coding for this enzyme is isolated, incorporated into a plasmid and then a microorganism is transformed therewith.

There are described a method for enriching the anabolic p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenases from plant tissues and a method by means of which the enzymatic activity of the enzyme can be measured in a simple manner without complete purification of the enzyme being necessary. The invention furthermore describes an assay system for identifying inhibitors of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase from plants, in which an enriched HPPD from plants is incubated with a test substrate to be examined and the enzymatic activity of the enzyme is determined in comparison with the activity of the uninhibited enzyme. The invention furthermore describes the novel herbicidal active substances of the formula (I) ##STR1## which were found using the assay method according to the invention.

Growing community of inventors

Eppstein, Germany

Arno Schulz