Bromine Compounds Limited

Luxembourg Bio Technologies Ltd.

Luxembourg Industries Ltd.

Ariel A Ewenson

Bertha Croitoru

Asher Shushan

Yoav Luxembourg

Fernando Albericio

David Itzhak

Abram Becker

Youval Shvo

Miriam Freiberg Bergstein

David Beneish

Naim Faza

Ayman El-Faham

Novel iminium-type coupling agents containing proton acceptors in their iminium moiety, which can be used beneficially as coupling agents in various chemical polypeptide and/or polynucleotide syntheses, and are particularly useful as yield enhancing and racemization suppressing coupling agents for use in peptide syntheses, are disclosed. Further disclosed are a process of preparing such iminium-type coupling agents and their use in the preparation of polypeptides and/or polynucleotides.

Proton acceptor iminium/carbocation-type coupling agents

Novel phosphonium salts of benzotraizoles, which are highly reactive coupling agents, and are particularly useful in peptide synthesis, are disclosed. Further disclosed is a process of preparing the novel phosphonium salts and methods utilizing same for preparing peptides.

Benzotriazole-1-yl-N-oxy phosphonium coupling agent

Processes for the electrophilic substitution of aromatic compounds, such as alkylation, with a desired substituent are disclosed. The processes include contacting the aromatic compound, a precursor of the desired substituent and an aqueous reagent containing zinc halide at elevated temperatures such as above 50&deg; C.

Process for electrophilic aromatic substitution

A process for the preparation of octyl p-methoxy cinnamate is provided. The procedure generally concerns reacting p-bromo anisole with acrylic acid; and esterifying the resulting product with 2-ethyl hexanol. Preferred reactants and conditions are provided.

Process for the preparation of octyl p-methoxy cinnamate

Biaryl derivatives are produced by coupling an aryl halide in an aqueous alkaline solution in the presence of a palladium catalyst, using formic hydrazide as the reducing agent.

Method of production of biaryl derivatives

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Omer, Israel

Ariel A Ewenson