International Business Machines Corporation

Antonio R Gallo

Gordon J Robbins

Robert R Shaw

Pei-Ing P Lee

James J McDonough

The amount of laser energy absorbed by a dielectric material during laser fuse blow is increased by changing the angle at which the laser is transmitted. An increased angle of incidence will result in increased energy absorption at the top and edge of the device. This technique may eliminate the need for second pass fuse blow.

Laser ablation with transmission matching for promoting energy coupling

A waveguide structure is directly extruded onto a surface from a nozzle placed a predetermined distance above the surface and which is moved relative to the surface, preferably by means of a translation table. The predetermined distance is preferably maintained constant and the speed of relative motion regulated to achieve a uniform degree of molecular orientation within the extruded material, thus maintaining a sufficiently uniform refractive index along the axis of the waveguide. Partitions within the nozzle allow the formation of a layered waveguide or the simultaneous formation of concentric cladding or protective layers. The waveguides are advantageously formed as a curtain which is later patterned, by direct writing on the surface or between chips mounted on an electronic module.

Extrusion of polymer waveguides onto surfaces

Disclosed is an optical signal distribution system. The system comprises an electronic substrate, at least one optical component and at least one optical waveguide on but distinct from the electronic substrate for carrying an optical signal to or from the optical component.

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Pleasant Valley, NY, United States of America

Antonio R Gallo