Union Carbide Corporation

Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation

Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics Company, Inc.

Anthony J Papa

William Robert Proops

David Robert Bryant

Raymond A Dunleavy

Walter Warren Runyan

Brian Terry Keen

Frank E Critchfield

Steven W Kaiser

Eugene J Boros

Richard Lee Rollins

An esterification process for producing glycol ether esters which comprises reacting a lower hydrocarbyl carboxylic acid with a glycol ether alcohol in the presence of a long chain alkyl substituted aryl sulfonic acid esterification catalyst, the alkyl radical having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms.

Esterification process

An improved esterification process for producing volatile product esters by reacting a lower linear hydrocarbyl carboxylic acid with an alcohol containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, in a substantially non-aqueous medium, the improvement comprising minimizing the amount of acidic sulfate contained in the product ester by employing as the esterification catalyst a long chain alkylbenzene sulfonic acid catalyst, the alkyl radical containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, or mixtures of such catalysts.

A hydrocarbonylation process for producing an aldehyde or a mixture of a ketone and an aldehyde which comprises:

Process for producing mixtures of ketones and aldehydes

The aldol condensation of acetone to isophorone and mesityl oxides in high conversions and efficiencies is achieved by a catalyst comprising a calcined calcium salt deposited on an alumina support.

Preparation of isophorone and mesityl oxide from acetone

A process is disclosed for the aldol condensation of enolizable aldehydes to alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes, at high selectivities, employing a metal carboxylate catalyst.

Aldol condensation of enolizable aldehydes using a metal carboxylate

Crude isophorone is refined by contacting it with aqueous caustic followed by washing and fractional distillation.

Production of low color refined isophorone

This invention relates to novel curative compositions for use in the production of cellular polyurethane elastomers having outstanding energy-absorbing properties. The curative compositions are composed of mixtures of organic diols and the reaction product of phenols which have at least one unsubstituted reactive position on the aromatic nucleus, aldehydes, and aromatic amines.

Phenol-aldehyde-amine resin/glycol curative compositions

Novel haloalkyl polyphosphates are prepared by reacting at elevated temperatures a halosubstituted alkyl phosphate such as, for example, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, and an unsubstituted trialkyl phosphate such as, for example, triethyl phosphate. The character of the mixture of the thermal condensates formed can be influenced by the ratio of reactants employed and the extent to which the reaction is allowed to proceed. The resulting reaction products possess superior flame retardant efficiency and impart durable flame resistance when incorporated into flexible urethane foams.

Method of producing flexible flame retarded polyurethane foam

This invention provides a low density (&lt;2 pcf.) modified phenolic foam produced by combining a resole resin with a phosphorus-containing isocyanate-terminated prepolymer in the presence of a minor amount of a surfactant, a catalytic amount of an organotin catalyst, and a halocarbon blowing agent. Foam products producted by the method of the invention have a good combination of low combustibility, friability resistance and compressive strength.

Phenolic foam modified with phosphorus-containing isocyanate-terminated

Novel polymethylol polyphosphonates are prepared by reacting a trisubstituted polyphosphite having at least one alkyl group and formaldehyde. The phosphite reactant may contain the requisite hydroxyl functionality [e.g. - heptakis (dipropylene glycol) triphosphite] or the hydroxyl functionality may be introduced by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a polyol, e.g. - glycerol, as a protic solvent. The resulting reaction product is a water-soluble liquid of relatively low viscosity and may be employed without any refining. The thus-formed polyphosphonates can be readily incorporated into either rigid urethane foam formulations to impart flame retardancy or phenolic resins to improve flexibility.

Methylol phosphonates and process for making same

This invention relates to the use of phenol-aldehyde-amine resin/diol curatives in the production of cellular polyurethane elastomers having outstanding energy absorbing properties. The elastomers are useful as energy managing components in automobiles and the like.

Phenol-aldehyde-amine resin/glycol curatives for energy absorbing

Novel haloroalkyl polyphosphates are prepared by reacting at elevated temperatures a halosubstituted alkyl phosphate such as, for example, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, and an unsubstituted trialkyl phosphate such as, for example, triethyl phosphate. The character of the mixture of the thermal condensates formed can be influenced by the ratio of reactants employed and the extent to which the reaction is allowed to proceed. The resulting reaction products possess superior flame retardant efficiency and impart durable flame resistance when incorporated into flexible urethane foams.

Chloroalkyl polyphosphates method for making same

Phenolic foam having improved punking resistance is obtained by effecting the formation of phenolic foam in the presence of an aralkyl-modified polyalkylsiloxane. Used with particular advantage as non punking additives to phenolic foam formulations are polymethylsiloxane oils in which silicon is additionally bonded to phenylethyl groups.

Non punking phenolic foam

This invention relates to the use of methyl formate as an adjuvant in the formation of phenolic foam. The addition of methyl formate to phenol-aldehyde resoles causes a substantial reduction in resole viscosity and thus allows for the processing of resoles which are otherwise too viscous to be foamed. A further advantage of methyl formate as an adjuvant in the formation of phenolic foam is that it also functions as a blowing agent. In its use as a blowing agent, methyl formate is employed in combination with 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane. Depending upon the nature of the phenolic foaming resin, the use of methyl formate in combination with 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane as the source of blowing action further provides the advantageous result of allowing for the formation of phenolic foam of reduced friability.

Methyl formate as an adjuvant in phenolic foam formation

Phenolic resoles are provided which are free of ionic species capable of being removed by the free acid form of a cation exchange resin and the free base form of an anion exchange resin. The deionized resoles of the invention have extended shelf-life due to their enhanced inherent stability towards self-condensation under otherwise adverse aging conditions. Notwithstanding their extended shelf-life, the resoles of the invention have excellent reactivity as foamable compositions, and are used with particular advantage for the formation of cellular phenolic resins. Also provided is a method for producing phenolic resoles having the aforementioned characteristics which comprises treatment of alkaline metal catalyzed condensates of a phenol and an aldehyde with cation and anion exchange resins in their respective free acid and free base forms.

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St. Albans, WV, United States of America

Anthony J Papa