Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Ansgar Eisenbeis

Thomas Anstock

Matthias Schwarzmann

Irene Troetsch-Schaller

Frank-Olaf Maehling

Juergen Thomas

Wolfgang Ahlers

Stephan H&uuml;ffer

Andreas Fechtenkoetter

Michael Stang

Walter Himmel

Ulrich Lebert

Roland Spahl

Heinz Dreyer

Paul Klingelh&ouml;fer

Wolfgang Schmid

Fuel-water emulsions in which an alkoxylated, preferably an ethoxylated, polyisobutene is used as an emulsifier are described. Stable emulsions, in particular of diesel-water mixtures, which have advantageous properties when used as fuel in internal combustion engines can be prepared in this manner.

Fuel-water emulsions containing polybutene-based emulsifying agents

A process for the preparation of a base oil and middle distillate which is stable to oxidation and low temperature from a mineral oil fraction having a boiling range above 350.degree. C., by, in a first step, converting the mineral oil fraction on a hydrocracking catalyst under hydrocracking conditions to an extent of from 20 to 80% by weight into fractions which boil below 360.degree. C., separating the reactor effluent, if necessary, into liquid and gas phases in a high-pressure separator, treating the entire reactor effluent or only the liquid phase, directly or after removal of the fractions boiling below 360.degree. C. by distillation, in a second step with hydrogen at from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. and at from 20 to 150 bar in the presence of a catalyst which contains a crystalline pentasil-type borosilicate zeolite, alumina and/or amorphous alumosilicate as the carrier material and one or more metals from Group VIb and/or Group VIII of the Periodic Table and phosphorus, and, after distillation of the hydrogenation product, obtaining a middle distillate in the boiling range from 180.degree. to 360.degree. C. having a pour point of below -30.degree. C. and an oxidation-stable residue having a boiling point &gt;360.degree. C., a viscosity index of from 110 to 135 and a pour point of below -12.degree. C.

Preparation of oxidation-stable and low-temperature-stable base oils and

Medicinal white oils and medicinal paraffins are prepared from petroleum fractions containing aromatics and nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur compounds, e.g. light and heavy atmospheric gas oils, vacuum gas oils and residues, which have been pretreated in a first stage by acid treatment or catalytic hydrogenation, by hydrogenation in a second stage over a nickel-containing catalyst under from 50 to 200 bar and at elevated temperatures, by a process in which the catalyst used in the second stage and present in the oxide form is reduced with a hydrogen-containing gas, passivated and then again activated with hydrogen, before the hydrogenation to medicinal white oils or paraffins is carried out.

Preparation of medicinal white oils and medicinal paraffins

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Georgsmarienhuette, Germany

Ansgar Eisenbeis