The Standard Oil Company

The Standard Oil Company (ohio)

Standard Oil Company (indiana)

Anne M Graham

Frederick A Pesa

Thomas G Attig

Wayne R Kliewer

Mark C Cesa

John Raymond Budge

Sanjay Purushottam Godbole

Albert R Shuki

Daniel G Lee

A process for upgrading aqueous acrylonitrile waste streams containing organic material comprising atomizing an acrylonitrile waste water stream containing organic material, introducing the atomized acrylonitrile waste water stream at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the organics present in the waste water stream, into a reaction zone containing a catalyst and at least one reactant gas, reacting the atomized waste water stream and reactant gas in the presence of the catalyst to convert at least some of the organics in the waste water stream into at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, hydrogen cyanide and acrylonitrile.

Oxidation and ammoxidation of acrylonitrile process waste water organics

A process for manufacturing an unsaturated mononitrile selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile comprising reacting an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene and isobutylene, ammonia and oxygen in a reactor zone in the presence of a catalyst to produce a reactor effluent containing the corresponding unsaturated mononitrile, transferring the reactor effluent containing the unsaturated mononitrile to a quench column wherein the reactor effluent containing the unsaturated mononitrile is contacted with at least a first aqueous stream to cool the reactor effluent, transferring the cooled reactor effluent containing the unsaturated mononitrile to an absorption column wherein the reactor effluent containing unsaturated mononitrile is contacted with at least a second aqueous stream to separate and remove the unsaturated mononitrile as a bottom stream from the absorption column, transferring the bottom stream containing the unsaturated mononitrile to a recovery and purification section where the unsaturated mononitrile is recovered and purified, and recycling at least one aqueous process stream to improve the efficiency of the process wherein the improvement comprises treating at least one aqueous stream before recycling into the process stream to reduce the pH thereby reducing the amount of trace impurities present in the aqueous recycle stream.

Oxidant reduction by manipulation and/or treatment of aqueous

Maleic anhydride is hydrogenated to produce 1,4-butanediol in a two-stage process. In the first stage maleic anhydride and/or maleic acid contacted with hydrogen at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. to about 350.degree. C. in the presence of a suitable hydrogenation catalyst to produce succinic anhydride and/or gamma-butyrolactone. In the second stage, the succinic anhydride and/or gamma-butyrolactone and hydrogen are contacted at a temperature of about 180.degree. C. to about 350.degree. C. in the presence of a ruthenium-containing hydrogenation catalyst to produce 1,4-butanediol.

Two-stage maleic anhydride hydrogenation process for 1,4-butanediol

Disclosed is a process for making a 2-pyrrolidone and a succinimide by the vapor phase catalytic reaction of a maleimide with molecular hydrogen.

Preparation of pyrrolidones by catalytic hydrogenation of maleimides

Disclosed is the hydrogenation of maleic acid in the presence of a solid iron-containing ruthenium catalyst containing the elements and the ratios indicated by the empirical formula,

Preparation of .gamma.-butyrolactone and 1,4-butanediol by catalytic

A process for producing an ester is disclosed comprising contacting a gaseous reactant containing at least one organic hydroxy compound and a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with an ester synthesis catalyst of the formula

Process for synthesis of esters from gaseous reactants containing

A catalyst and process useful for the production of alcohols from CO and H.sub.2. The catalyst has the formula:

Manufacture of alcohols from synthesis gas

A process is provided for the upgrading of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons, particularly olefins and carboxylic acids by contacting synthesis gas with catalysts comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, copper, an alkali or alkaline earth metal, and optionally a metal selected from Ce, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Th, Zn or mixtures thereof. The synthesis gas upgrading product may be contacted with a hydrogenation catalyst to provide alkanes, alcohols and esters, useful for fuels.

Upgrading synthesis gas catalyst

A catalyst is disclosed which comprises a ruthenium-copper-containing complex of the formula

Ruthenium-copper-containing, activated-carbon-supported catalyst and

Catalysts comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, palladium or platinum and alkali metals are provided which are useful in the subject process for the upgrading of synthesis gas, particularly for obtaining alkanes and alcohols having at least two carbon atoms, in addition to methane and methanol. Also provided is a temperature gradient reactor useful in synthesis gas upgrading reactions for increasing selectivity to higher carbon number products.

Catalyst for upgrading synthesis gas

A process is provided for the production of aliphatic acetate esters and gaseous alkanes comprising contacting acetic acid and synthesis gas in the vapor phase at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst containing the mixed oxides of ruthenium and nickel, and optionally an alkali metal oxide and the oxides of cobalt, cadmium, zinc or mixtures thereof. Other carboxylic acids may be substituted for acetic acid as desired.

Preparation of aliphatic carboxylic acid esters

Upgrading synthesis gas

Catalysts comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, copper, at least one alkali metal and at least one of rhodium, iridium, palladium, and platinum are provided which are useful in the upgrading of synthesis gas, particularly for obtaining alkanes and alcohols.

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Northfield, OH, United States of America

Anne M Graham