First Solar, Inc.

Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc.

Anke Abken

Akhlesh Gupta

Rick C Powell

Markus Gloeckler

Roger T Green

Upali Jayamaha

Peter Meyers

Benyamin Buller

Long Cheng

Stephen J Golden

Zahra Nazarpoor

A photovoltaic cell can include a dopant in contact with a semiconductor layer.

Photovoltaic devices including doped semiconductor films

Effect of the type of ZPGM material composition to improve thermal stability of ZPGM catalyst systems for TWC application is disclosed. ZPGM catalyst system samples are prepared and configured with washcoat on ceramic substrate, overcoat including doped Zirconia support oxide, and impregnation layer including either CuMnOspinel or CuCoMnOspinel. Testing of ZPGM catalyst samples including variations of aging temperatures and different impregnation layer materials are developed under isothermal steady state sweep test condition for ZPGM catalyst systems to evaluate performance especially NOconversions and level of thermal stability. As a result disclosed ZPGM catalyst systems with most suitable spinel that includes CuCoMnOin impregnation layer exhibit high NOx conversion and significant improved thermal stability compare to CuMnOspinel, which is suitable for under floor and close coupled TWC application. The effect of adding Co to Cu&#x2014;Mn spinel composition to improve thermal stability confirmed by TPR measurement.

Thermal stability of copper-manganese spinel as Zero PGM catalyst for TWC  application

A photovoltaic device can include an intrinsic metal layer adjacent to a semiconductor absorber layer; and a doped metal contact layer adjacent to the intrinsic metal layer, where the doped metal contact layer includes a metal base material and a dopant.

Metal barrier-doped metal contact layer

A photovoltaic device can include a doped contact layer adjacent to a semiconductor absorber layer, where the doped contact layer includes a metal base material and a dopant.

Dopant-containing contact material

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Port Hueneme, CA, United States of America

Anke Abken