Marmon Company

The Marmon Group Limited

Zenith Electronics Corporation

Hammond Incorporated

Angelo A Bione

Semir D Sirazi

Brian M Bagus

Donald R Sauvey

Horace E Taylor

Robert J Sehnert

A network interface card for a personal computer includes a controller chip and a programmable logic array that is coupled at its output terminals to the bus pull-up resistors, or to dedicated terminals of the controller chip for establishing different configurations for the controller chip on the interface card. A rotary, ten position binary coded decimal switch is coupled across the inputs of the programmable logic array. Each position of the switch establishes a different configuration for the controller. The arrangement eliminates the need for manual switches and movable jumpers for configuring the network interface card controller chip.

Apparatus using a binary coded decimal switch and a programmable logic

A broadband communications network includes a plurality of stations interconnected through selected forward and reverse channels by a network translator. Each station continuously monitors the forward channel for detecting the presence or absence of a forward channel carrier. A given station is allowed to transmit a data packet as modulation of the reverse channel carrier only after the expiration of a predetermined time interval during which no carrier is detected on the forward channel. By establishing the predetermined time interval for each respective station in inverse relation to the distance of the station from the network translator, a synchronized transmission time base as well as equalized station access is achieved for improving network performance.

Communications network with individualized access delays

A communications system includes one or more channels each comprising a plurality of LANs having multiple stations. The LANs of a particular channel are interconnected by a bridge interface, the respective bridge interfaces being connected by a backbone network. Each station is capable of transmitting a data packet including a header having either a 0 or 1 bridge flag, LAN stations being responsive only to data packets having a 0 bridge flag and bridge interfaces only to packets having a 1 bridge flag. Intra-LAN communications are thus effected by data packets having headers with 0 bridge flages while inter-LAN communications are effected by transmitting a packet with a 1 bridge flag from a source station which is coupled to the destination station by the bridge which also changes the bridge flag to 0. A special 'broadcast' header is used to effect communications when the LAN or channel of the destination station is unknown.

Bridging techniques for local area networks

The present invention is a circuit for controlling the sampling of plurality of channels in an electronic organ having multiplexed keying. The channels having information signals at a particular time period is sensed and used to address a memory. The memory has stored a plurality of sequences of digital signals for controlling the multiplexing and demultiplexing operations of the organ. Only those channels containing information signals are sampled which accordingly increases the sampling rate which increases the frequency of the harmonic component of the square wave signals that can be passed by the system and the distortion caused by aliasing of harmonics is diminished.

Dynamic controller for sampling channels in an electronic organ having

The present invention is a differential sampling circuit for improving the signal to noise ratio by eliminating d.c. level distortion in square wave signals used as components for forming a stairstep or bright wave signal in an electronic organ having multiplexed keying. The multiplexed drawbar signals for even footages at both sides of a sampling resistor are demultiplexed, applied to a sample and hold circuit and applied as inputs to a differential amplifier to cancel any fluctuations of the d.c. signal component.

Differential sampling circuit for improving signal to noise ratio in an

The present invention is a chord teaching system and method which assists the organist in learning musical chords. The system functions in several different modes and the various modes are selected by the learning organist. The chord teaching system enables the learning organist to select a chord without demonstrating any knowledge of the correct finger position on the keyboard of the organ necessary to play the chord. The system, depending upon the mode of operation, plays the chord selected and indicates to the learning organist the key corresponding to the root note of the selected chord or indicates to the organist the keys corresponding to the notes of the selected chord or enables the organist to depress the keys that the organist believes form the selected chord and indicates a correct response if the organist depresses the proper key and indicates the correct keys that form the notes of the chord if the response is incorrect. In addition, the learning organist can store into the system's memory a sequence of chords for later playback. In one mode of operation, the root note of each chord in the stored sequence is indicated to the organist who must correctly depress a key corresponding to the root note in order to sound the chord and advance in sequence to the next stored chord. In another mode of operation, the notes forming each chord in the stored sequence are indicated to the organist who must correctly depress keys corresponding to the notes in order to advance in sequence to the next stored chord. In yet another mode of operation, the stored chords are sounded at times under control of the rhythm unit of the organ and the keys corresponding to the sounding chord are indicated to the organist.

Chord teaching system and method for an electronic musical instrument

A harmony signal generating system for an electronic organ comprises a plurality of integrated circuit chips which each receive upper and lower manual keying signals for two consecutive organ notes. A first read only memory (ROM) generates octave identify signals to designate the octave of an active upper manual note. A second ROM generates octave select signals which are combined with the octave identify signals in a third ROM to generate the harmony signals which comprise the lower manual chording signals played through the upper manual within a twelve note range above an active upper manual note and an upper manual note which is one octave above the active upper manual note. The octave identify signals are provided in parallel among the chips from the chip having the lowest active upper manual letter note. Upper manual active signals generated in response to the upper manual keying signals are connected in series among the chips to select the appropriate chip. Internally generated octave identify signals are used on each chip which receives an active upper manual keying signal to accurately generate upper manual notes one octave above active upper manual notes when more than one upper manual key is depressed.

Integrated harmony generating circuit for electronic organ

A multiplexed electronic organ utilizing a plurality of integrated circuit chips, each chip time division multiplexing selected keying envelope time constant signals from a switched capacitor time constant generator for two alphabetic notes over the entire frequency range of a spinet or for one alphabetic note over the entire frequency range of the manuals and pedals of a console organ. The same integrated circuit chip is used for both spinet or console organs. Each chip contains a multiplexer circuit which isolates the multiplexed keying envelope output signals from the time constant generator and includes as a coupling means a plurality of switching element arranged into groups. Some of the groups are interconnected to provide the keying envelope time constant signal normally intended for one frequency range to the output associated with a different frequency range.

Integrated circuit generating keying envelope signals

An electronic reverberation system for use in an electronic musical instrument comprises a random access memory wherein two or more time delay channels are defined by address allocation in a controller circuit. An input analog signal is converted to digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter and the digital signals are processed by the controller into the time delay channels. The channels defined in the random access memory are of differing lengths which can be changed by switch settings. The controller sequentially retrieves stored digital data words from the random access memory channels in seriatum and couples each data word to a digital-to-analog converter. The analog output signal from the digital-to-analog converter is delayed in time by varying amounts due to the length of the channels in the random access memory. A portion of the delayed analog output signal contained in each channel is mixed with the input analog signal to produce a combined signal. The combined signal is converted to a digital data word which is stored back into the random access memory location from which the last digital data word was read. An enhanced reverberation effect is selectively achieved by switchably connecting a low frequency signal on the order of two hertz as an auxiliary input to be mixed with the input analog and delayed analog signals.

Musical instrument including electronic sound reverberation

A dynamic one finger chording system with memory is connected in parallel relationship to the d.c. keying lines connecting a select number of keys of the manual to a standard keyer circuit of an electronic organ. The one finger chording system scans each keying line until a line with a d.c. level voltage signal corresponding to a manually depressed key is detected. An identification of the detected line is used as the address to a read only memory. In response to the address, the read only memory provides a preselected d.c. level output signal which through appropriate output circuits drives respective keying lines. Thus one keying line has a d.c. level signal due to the manual depression of a key and a predetermined number of keying lines have a d.c. level signal due to the output signal from the one finger chording read only memory. The same keyer circuit that is used during normal playing now provides a chord output signal. When the key is released by the instrument player, the one finger chording system begins to scan the keying lines for the next key depressed. If a new key is depressed without releasing the previously depressed key, the one finger chording system removes itself from the respective keying line of the previously depressed key before beginning the scan for the new keying line with a d.c. level signal. Furthermore, upon depression of a key the system receives a load pulse of finite duration which momentarily disables the scanning and clears the one finger read only memory output so that when the scanning is resumed for the new d.c. level signal it is not confused by the previous d.c. level signal output from the read only memory. The one finger chording system has a memory mode actuatable by the instrument player and which electrically sustains the selected one finger chord after the instrument player releases the depressed key and until a new key is depressed or the memory feature deactivated.

Dynamic one finger chording system

A chord recognition system for an electronic musical instrument, namely an electronic organ. A shift register receives data information from the keying lines of selected playing keys. The pattern of the received data is compared against selected normalized chord patterns in a program logic array to determine if the note input sequence is in a known musical relationship such as major, minor, minor sixth, seventh or others. A chord logic circuit receives the information from the programmed logic circuit and further reduces the information to output signals indicating a major, minor, or seventh chord and a pattern found signal. If no chord pattern is detected in the input data sequence, the register shifts the data on its first input line to its last input line and all other data is transferred downward accordingly. A counter sequences at each shift of the data input information. The shifted data is now compared in the programmed logic array as described above. This operation is repeated until a pattern match is found or an entire shift cycle is complete. The type of chord being played is indicated by the output of the chord logic circuit and the root or alphabetic key of the chord being played is indicated by the output of the counter. Each step of the counter indicates a different root or tonic note. Thus, the system recognizes normalized chord patterns and tracks the alphabetic key for recognizable chord patterns. The output from the chord logic circuit and the counter are used as inputs to other organ circuits such as a visual display circuit to illustrate to the organist the chord being played.

Chord recognition system for an electronic musical instrument

A pedal teaching system for an electronic musical instrument, specifically an electronic organ. In the rehearse mode of operation the system rhythmically energizes selected ones of a plurality of lights mounted above the pedal clavier to illustrate which pedals form a bass note accompaniment routine for a specific group of keys depressed by the organist and automatically sounds the bass note routine. In the perform mode of operation the system rhythmically energizes selected ones of the plurality of lights to illustrate which pedals form the bass note accompaniment routine and disables the automatic bass note musical output routine so that the organist must physically depress the actual pedals to provide the bass note accompaniment. In a non-rhythmic or static rehearse mode of operation the system iluminates the root bass pedal light corresponding to the chord played on the organ or the bass pedal light corresponding to the lowest frequency being depressed on the organ; and, automatically sounds the appropriate bass note. In a non-rhythmic or static perform mode the system only illuminates the appropriate pedal light.

Pedal teaching aid for an electronic musical instrument

The bass note generation system provides one of several different types or styles of bass-line accompaniment for the organist. A chord pattern detector receives signals on keying lines corresponding to keys depressed by the instrument player and attempts to recognize a normalized chord pattern. A counter tracks the operation of the chord pattern detector and provides an output corresponding to the alphabetic note of any recognized chord. If the chord pattern is recognized, the output of the detector and the output of the counter address a normalized and preprogrammed bassline pattern memory. The digital value of the bass note stored in the memory and the outut of the counter are serially added to transpose the normalized bass note to the appropriate musical key and applied to a decorder-keyer circuit at selected time intervals in a musical measure for providing a precomposed musical bassline output. If the instrument player closes the root/fifth switch on the instrument console and the chord pattern detector recognizes a normalized pattern of depressed keys, a digital bass note value corresponding to the root or the fifth bass note of the recognized chord is applied to the decoder-keyer circuit. If the chord pattern detector fails to recognize the combination of keys depressed by the instrument player as a normalized chord pattern, the system defaults into a scanning mode of operation. In the scanning mode, the preprogrammed bassline pattern memory is disabled and the system provides a fixed bassline routine with the notes selected from among the keys actually depressed by the instrument player. If the instrument player selects the root/fifth mode of operation and the combination of depressed keys is not a recognizable chord pattern, the system provides a low-high select routine with the notes corresponding to the lowest and highest frequency keys actually depressed.

Bass note generation system

The present invention is directed to a digital touch responsive tempo generating device for use in an electronic musical instrument, preferably an electronic organ. The instrument player selects a desired tempo to control a standard rhythm unit or other circuit either before or during playing by repetitively actuating a touch plate at a rate corresponding to the desired tempo. A digital value related to the time interval between predetermined repetitive touches by the instrument player is stored in a digital circuit having a memory under control of a clock circuit. A tempo generator circuit coupled to the digital circuit produces tempo output pulses spaced apart as a function of the time interval between the repetitive touches.

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Elmhurst, IL, United States of America

Angelo A Bione