U.S. Philips Corporation

Andries T Reeder

Jan Reinder De Boer

Jacobus N Dekker

Albertus J Van Der Borst

Jacobus M Gijzel

Pieter De Pooter

A shaving apparatus (1, 105) with at least one adjustable cutting unit (11, 121) which comprises an external cutting member (13, 123) with at least one hair trap opening (17) and an internal cutting member (19, 125) which is rotatable inside the external cutting member (13, 123) by means of an electric motor (23, 127). The cutting unit (11, 121) is adjustable by means of an electrical actuator (91, 179) which is controllable by an electrical control unit (103, 191). In a first embodiment of the shaving apparatus (1), the external cutting member (13, 123) can be positioned relative to a holder (17) during a shaving operation by means of the actuator (91). In a second embodiment of the shaving apparatus (105), the external cutting member (123) is displaceable relative to the holder (111) under the influence of a skin contact force against a pretensioning force which has a value which is adjustable by means of the actuator (179). In both embodiments, the motor (23, 127) has a speed which is controlled by the control unit (103, 191). The control unit (103, 191) adjusts the cutting unit (11, 121) and the motor speed (23, 127) as a function of a measured skin contact force, a measured cutting frequency, a time which has elapsed during a shaving operation, and a balance between shaving performance and shaving comfort desired by the user. In a special embodiment, the control unit (103, 191) controls the cutting unit (11, 121) and the motor speed in accordance with an algorithm based on fuzzy logic. The shaving apparatus (1, 105) provides a user of the shaving apparatus (1, 105) with an optimum balance between the achieved shaving performance, i.e. skin smoothness and shaving speed, and the experienced shaving comfort, i.e. skin irritation level, during a shaving operation.

Shaving apparatus with electrically adjustable cutting unit

There is provided a coffeemaker comprising a water reservoir, a quartz-glass tubular heating chamber having an external electrical heating element in contact therewith, an inlet tube for conducting water from the reservoir through the chamber, and an outlet tube for discharging the heated water over ground coffee. Associated therewith is a switch responsive to the temperature of the heating chamber wall for automatically de-energizing the heating element. When the flow of water through the heating chamber ceases, the heat capacity of the heating chamber, the electrical power consumption of the heating element, and the location and the adjustment of the temperature-responsive switch are so related to each other that the heating chamber walls will be rapidly heated to a temperature of at least about 450.degree. C. before the heating element is de-energized by the temperature-responsive switch. The result is that any scale on the heating chamber walls is thereby thermally decomposed and removed.

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Drachten, Netherlands

Andries T Reeder