The Standard Oil Company

Sohio

Andrew T Guttmann

Robert K Grasselli

James F Brazdil

Serge R Dolhyj

Louis J Velenyi

Joseph Peter Bartek

Disclosed is a process for the ammoxidation of paraffins having 3-5 C atoms using a complex metal oxide catalyst having the ingredients and the proportions which are represented by the following empirical formula:

Catalyst for ammoxidation of paraffins

Disclosed is making a particular inorganic crystalline vanadium III oxidic compound from a pentavalent vanadium compound and at least one other or more metal cations, which process comprises (1) reducing a pentavalent vanadium oxidic compound to the V.sup.III state by heating at 100.degree. C. or less an aqueous medium slurry or solution of said pentavalent compound containing a reducing agent selected from hydrazine and hydrocarbylhydrazine, (2) providing in said aqueous medium, either before, during or after said reducing step, said other metal cation(s) in solution in the ratio called for by said particular crystalline compound, (3) removing the liquid aqueous medium, and (4) calcining the resulting dry solid at a temperature in the range from 400.degree. to 800.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere. Also disclosed is the vapor phase catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffins using certain spinels and perovskites as catalysts.

Preparation of vanadium III oxidic compounds, and dehydrogenation of

Disclosed is a method of making an active and abrasion resistant catalyst composition comprising at least 5 weight percent alumina support and at most 95 percent of a complex oxide composition having the empirical formula:

Preparation of abrasion resistant alumina-supported vanadium-antimony

Disclosed is a process for ammoxidation of paraffins containing 3-5 C atoms using a complex metal oxide catalyst which is essentially free of bismuth, and has the elements and the proportions which are represented by the following empirical formula:

Ammoxidation of paraffins and catalysts therefor

The vapor phase dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons is achieved with a spinel of the formula AV.sub.2-x C.sub.x O.sub.4 where A is a bivalent metal, V is vanadium substantially in +3 oxidation state, C is a trivalent metal, or with a crystalline perovskite DV.sub.1-y C.sub.y O.sub.3 where D is one or more of Y, the rare earths and Bi, and V is again vanadium in +3 oxidation state.

Preparation of vanadium III oxidic compounds and dehydrogenation of

Disclosed is a process for ammoxidation of paraffins containing 2-5 C atoms over a vanadium-antimony oxide catalyst, the catalyst, and a precursor slurry for making such catalyst.

This invention relates to a novel vapor phase process for the production of unsaturated acids and esters, such as acrylic acid and methyl acrylate, by reacting a primary alcohol with a saturated monocarboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride in the presence of oxygen over a solid catalyst.

Preparation of unsaturated acids and esters by oxidative condensation

Disclosed is making an inorganic crystalline vanadium III oxidic compound from a pentavalent vanadium compound, which process comprises (1) reducing a pentavalent vanadium oxidic compound to substantially the V.sup.III state by heating at 100.degree. C. or less an aqueous medium slurry or solution of said pentavalent compound containing a reducing agent selected from hydrazine and hydrocarbylhydrazine, (2) providing in said aqueous medium, either before, during or after said reducing step, other metal cations in solution in the ratio called for by the desired crystalline compound, (3) removing the liquid aqueous medium, and (4) calcining the resulting dry solid at a temperature in the range from 400.degree. to 800.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere. Also disclosed is the vapor phase catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffins using certain spinels and perovskites as catalysts.

Iron-bismuth-molybdate catalysts further containing specific promoter elements have been found to exhibit excellent redox stability even under high stress conditions in the catalytic oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids.

Process for the oxidation of olefins using catalysts containing various

Aryl ethers, e.g., cumylmethylether and anisole, are particularly effective additives for improving the octane number of motor fuels. These aryl ethers are especially useful in increasing the octane number of unleaded gasolines.

Motor fuel additive

Vanadium-antimony catalysts have been found to be effective for the vapor phase condensation of saturated monocarboxylic acids or esters with formaldehyde, to produce unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters.

Preparation of unsaturated acids and esters from saturated carboxylic

Promoted phosphate catalysts have been found to be effective for the vapor phase condensation of saturated monocarboxylic acids or esters with formaldehyde, to produce unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters.

Oxide complexes comprising copper-promoted antimony phosphates have been found to exhibit significant catalytic activity in various oxidation-type reactions such as the ammoxidation of propylene to produce acrylonitrile.

Copper-promoted antimony phosphate oxide complex catalysts

Molybdenum-promoted antimony phosphates also containing at least one of tellurium and bismuth have been found to exhibit significant catalytic activity in various oxidation-type reactions.

Molybdenum-promoted antimony phosphate oxide complex catalysts also

The present invention is a homogeneous liquid phase process for the preparation of methyl-t-butyl ether by reacting isobutylene and methanol in the presence of a heteropoly acid of molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium. Other tertiary ethers may be obtained by substituting a different tertiary olefin for isobutylene, e.g. t-amyl methyl ether from 2-methylbutene-2 and methanol.

Growing community of inventors

Maple Heights, OH, United States of America

Andrew T Guttmann