Exxon Research and Engineering Company

Exxon Research & Engineering

Andrew A Westner

Alexis A Oswald

I-Der Huang

Torris G Jermansen

Torris G Jermasen

Compositions of matter are disclosed which are highly useful in hydroformylation processes. The compositions are non-charged, non-chelated bis- and tris-(alkyl diaryl phosphine) rhodium carbonyl hydrides. The substituents of the alkyl group include heteroorganic radicals containing silane, silicone, ether, ester, keto and hydroxy oxygen, phosphine oxide and phosphorus ester phosphorus, amine, amide, amine oxide and heterocyclic nitrogen groups. These compositions are highly stable and selective catalysts for the hydroformylation of olefins under certain conditions. The disclosed catalyst systems contain a large excess of phosphine ligand and employ alpha-olefin plus synthesis gas reactant mixtures having a high H.sub.2 /CO ratio at relatively low pressures. They produce mostly aldehydes derived from terminal attack on the alpha-olefin reactant. In the case of low olefins, such as butene-1, the products can be advantageously removed in a continuous manner, as distillate components from a ligand reaction mixture kept at an elevated temperature and continuously fed by an appropriate mixture of the reactants.

Ligand exchange process for producing alkyl diaryl phosphine rhodium

Compositions of matter are disclosed which are highly useful in hydroformylation processes. The compositions are non-charged, non-chelated bis- and tris-(alkyl diaryl phosphine) rhodium carbonyl hydrides. The substituents of the alkyl group include heteroorganic radicals containing ether, ester, keto and hydroxy oxygen, phosphine oxide and phosphorus ester phosphorus, amine, amide, amine oxide and heterocyclic nitrogen groups. These compositions are highly stable and selective catalysts for the hydroformylation of olefins under certain conditions. The disclosed catalyst systems contain a large excess of phosphine ligand and employ alpha-olefin plus synthesis gas reactant mixtures having a high H.sub.2 /CO ratio at relatively low pressures. They produce mostly aldehydes derived from terminal attack on the alpha-olefin reactant. In the case of low olefins, such as butene-1, the products can be advantageously removed in a continuous manner, as distillate components from a ligand reaction mixture kept at an elevated temperature and continuously fed by an appropriate mixture of the reactants.

Selective hydroformylation process using alkyl diaryl phosphine rhodium

Compositions of matter are disclosed which are highly useful in hydroformylation processes. The compositions are non-charged, non-chelated bis- and tris-(alkyl diaryl phosphine) rhodium carbonyl hydrides. The substituents of the alkyl group includes heteroorganic radicals containing ether, ester, keto and hydroxy oxygen, phosphine oxide and phosphorus ester phosphorus, amine, amide, amine oxide and heterocyclic nitrogen groups. These compositions are highly stable and selective catalysts for the hydroformylation of olefins under certain conditions. The disclosed catalyst systems contain a large excess of phosphine ligand and employ alpha-olefin plus synthesis gas reactant mixtures having a high H.sub.2 /CO ratio at relatively low pressures. They produce moslty aldehydes derived from terminal attack on the alpha-olefin reactant. In the case of low olefins, such as butene-1, the products can be advantageously removed in a continuous manner, as distillate components from a ligand reaction mixture kept at an elevated temperature and continuously fed by an appropriate mixture of the reactants.

Transition metal complex catalysts

Heterocycle-substituted alkyl diaryl phosphine rhodium caronyl hydride

Branched alkyl diaryl phosphine rhodium carbonyl hydride complexes are surprisingly effective, stable and selective hydroformylation catalysts particularly in the presence of a large excess of t-phosphine ligands. As such, they are advantageously employed as catalysts in a novel low pressure rhodium hydroformylation process producing normal and iso aldehydes by reacting olefins with H.sub.2 and CO.

Hydroformylation catalysis by branched alkyl diaryl phosphine rhodium

Described is a carbonylation process using novel homogeneous trihydrocarbyl silyl-substituted alkyl diaryl phosphine transition metal complexes of the general formula:

Trihydrocarbyl silyl substituted alkyl diaryl phosphine transition metal

Homogeneous hydroformylation catalysis with silyl substituted alkyl

Novel homogeneous trihydrocarbyl silyl-substituted alkyl diaryl phosphine transition metal complexes of the general formula:

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Paramus, NJ, United States of America

Andrew A Westner