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Andrei Alexandrovich Antonov

Viktor Alexandrovich Kabanov

Vladimir Ivanovich Smetanjuk

Marina Alexandrovna Martynova

Stanislav Konstantinovich Pluzhnov

Nikolai S Nametkin

Jury N Bocharov

A method for dimerization of olefins with a number of carbon atoms of at most 10 which comprises intermixing, in a medium of solvents selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon solvents and halogenated hydrocarbon solvents at a temperature ranging from -20.degree. to +100.degree. C under a pressure of from 1 to 45 atm, of at least one of said olefines with a two-component catalyst consisting of an organoaluminum compound of the formula R.sub.n AlX.sub.3-n, wherein R is an alkyl with a number of carbon atoms of at most 8, X is a halogen, n = 1 or 2, and a graft-copolymer, swellable in said solvents, of a rubber selected from the group consisting of natural, synthetic carbo-chain and vinyl-containing siloxane rubbers, with vinylpyridine; said copolymer containing 0.5 to 40% by weight of polyvinylpyridine fragments complexed with a nickel salt; molar ratio between said organoaluminum compound and said nickel salt ranging from 1:1 to 100:1. In the method according to the present invention use is made of a catalyst with a maximal number of working active centers thus making it possible to substantially increase the process rate (for example, the rate of dimerization of propylene is about 9 kg of the product per gram of Ni per hour). The method can be performed under both batch and continuous operation conditions.

Method for dimerization of olefins

The method of dimerization of olefins having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms consists in that at least one said olefin is mixed, in a medium of hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon solvents at a temperature of from 0.degree. to 100.degree. C and a pressure from 1 to 40 atmospheres, with a catalyst, which is a graft copolymer of a natural or a synthetic carbon-chain rubber with vinylpyridine; said copolymer swells in said solvents and contains from 0.5 to 40 per cent of fragments of polyvinylpyridine that are complexed with a nickel salt, and contains also from 2 to 50 mole per cent of -AIRX- units, where R is an alkyl having not more than 8 carbon atoms, and X is a halogen, the aluminum atom being bound with the main chain of the copolymer through the carbon atom. The atom ratio of Al/Ni is from 1 to 20. Said catalyst is characterized by high stability and preserves it initial activity for a long period of time. It is not crushed in the process and is easy to recover. The catalyst is characterized also by high selectivity: the butene-1 content of a mixture of butenes, obtained by dimerization of ethylene, is 92 to 96 per cent. The methyl-pentene content of the dimerizate, obtained by dimerization of propylene, is 90 to 95 per cent.

Method of dimerization of olefins

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Moscow, Russia

Andrei Alexandrovich Antonov