Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.

Andrea Lauren Sterling

Christian Arthur Trager

Corey B Sargent

Mark Timothy Bacchus

Kale William Hooper

Scott M Ankeny

A push force simulator for measuring a force applied to a first component being attached to a second component with a pressure-sensitive adhesive located therebetween. The push force simulator can include a handheld block having a top surface and a bottom surface, and a palm-simulating polymer layer attached to the bottom surface. In addition, a pushable force gauge having an engagement end engaged with the top surface of the handheld block can be included. The pushable force gauge can measure an amount of force applied thereto, and thus measure the force transmitted through the block, through the palm-simulating polymer layer and applied to the pressure sensitive adhesive.

Push force simulator

A vehicle includes a rear window and a defroster assembly including heating lines extending across the rear window. A protective barrier at least partially covers the heating lines. The protective barrier includes a film that provides a barrier between the heating lines and sulfur gases generated by components of the vehicle.

Growing community of inventors

Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America

Andrea Lauren Sterling