Ael Mining Services Limited

Andre Pienaar

Laurence Justin Pienaar Wilson

Neville Robert Marillier

Robert James Holdcroft

Michael Stockenhuber

Derek Luke Anthony

A method producing a surfactant from glycerol by converting glycerol, in a first step, to glycidol, polymerizing glycidol to an aliphatic alcohol and finally substituting a hydroxyl group with a substitute anion.

Epoxidation of glycerol and derivatives therefrom

An open cast mining method includes sinking a blasting borehole () for receiving an explosive charge into a ground body () which is to be mined, taking an initial measurement of one or more borehole conditions, including at least a temperature inside a bottom half () of the borehole (), and loading the borehole () with a base explosive charge () only if the initial measurement of all of the one or more measured borehole conditions are within predefined limits indicating that the borehole () will not be subject to uncontrolled detonation of the base explosive charge (). The one or more borehole conditions, including at least said temperature, are further measured and monitored after the base explosive charge () has been loaded. An alarm signal external of the borehole () is provided if any of the one or more measured borehole conditions are not within predefined limits so that there is a risk of uncontrolled detonation of the explosive charge ().

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Pretoria, South Africa

Andre Pienaar