Commissariat a L'energie Atomique

Andre Barraud

Annie Ruaudel

Michel Vandevyver

Jean Messier

Jean Leloup

Roger Gras

Serge Palacin

Florence Porteu

Jean Lelcuf

Annie Ruaudel-Teixier

Laurence Henrion

Joel Richard

Gisele Derost

The invention relates to bidimensional organic membranes or diaphragms and to their preparation processes. These diaphragms have at least one monomolecular layer of organic molecules A, such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines and porphyrazines. In a layer, each molecule A is directly or indirectly bonded to n (n.gtoreq.3) identical molecules A by n bonds arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the molecule A. Therefore there diaphragms have microscopic physical properties identical in at least two directions of the plane of the diaphragm. They can be used as conductive diaphragms.

Bidimensional organic diaphragms and their preparation processes

The invention relates to a microlithographic process for producing circuits using organic, conductive films sensitive to electromagnetic radiation and to charged particles. This process for producing electricity conducting zones on a substrate consists of depositing on said substrate a coating of an electricity conducting, organic compound, such as alkyl pyridinium-tetracyanoquinodimethane and then irradiating certain locations (2,3) of the coating by means of charged particles and/or electromagnetic radiation, so that the irradiated locations become insulating and that on the organic compound coating the electricity conducting zones (1) are directly formed at the desired locations.

Microlithographic process for producing circuits using conductive

A process and an apparatus for the detection of molecular or ionic species, comprising:

Process for the detection of molecular or ionic species

Electrically-conducting films comprising at least one monomolecular layer of an organic charge transfer complex and their production process. These films comprise at least one monomolecular layer of an organic charge transfer complex having at least one electron acceptor group and at least one electron donor group, the electron acceptor and/or donor group having at least one hydrocarbon chain with 16 to 30 carbon atoms and the electron acceptor and/or donor groups being organized in such a way that two adjacent groups of the same type, namely electron donors or electron acceptors, can be sufficiently coupled in the plane of the layer to exchange an electron and ensure an electrical conduction in said plane. The charge transfer complex can be an alkyl pyridinium-tetracyanoquinodimethane.

Electrically conducting films comprising at least one monomolecular

Process for producing a film having at least one monomolecular layer of non-amphiphilic molecules. This process comprises the following stages:

Process for producing a thin film having at least one monomolecular

Tank for depositing a monomolecular film. It comprises a tank having walls and a base and containing a liquid, a barrier defining two areas on the surface of the liquid, means for displacing the barrier on the surface of the liquid, at least one substrate and means for displacing the substrate. The level of the liquid is below the horizontal rim of the tank. The barrier has a break at each of its ends and rests on the edges of the tank. The break defines a narrower portion partly submerged in the liquid. Sealing means are provided between the faces of the narrower portion and the facing walls.

Device for the formation and deposition on a substrate of monomolecular

The material comprises a membrane constituted either by at least one monomolecular layer of amphiphilic molecules, or by amphiphilic molecules adsorbed on a substrate, and microaggregates of the metal, inorganic compound or organometallic compound retained on or in the membrane. It is prepared from a membrane containing a metal ion or a precursor compound of said metal, inorganic compound or organometallic compound, by reacting the ion or precursor compound fixed in the membrane with at least one reagent for forming the metal, inorganic compound or organometallic compound in situ in the membrane. For example, the membrane can be constituted by monomolecular layers of behenic acid, which is then converted into silver behenate by contacting with a silver nitrate solution. Silver microaggregates are then formed in the membrane by reducing the silver behenate by means of hydrazine.

Material containing microaggregates of metals, inorganic compounds or

The present invention relates to a process and to an apparatus for producing alternate monomolecular layers. In per se known manner, a substrate is passed through the surface of a liquid contained in a vessel and over which has previously been spread a monomolecular layer of a given substance. According to the invention, the vessel is subdivided into two compartments. A monomolecular layer is deposited on the surface of the liquid contained in each of the compartments. The latter are arranged in such a way that there can be no contact between the monomolecular layers in each of them and the substrate is alternately moved between the compartments.

Process and apparatus for producing alternate monomolecular layers

Photosensitive film which can be used in microgravure, wherein it comprises at least one organic monomolecular layer having amphiphilic molecules with at least one irradiation polymerizable function and one aliphatic chain with at least 12 carbon atoms, a polymerizable function being located at the hydrophobic end of said molecules. The photosensitive films can be used with particular advantage in the production of microetched objects, such as optical and holographic systems, integrated optical devices and electronic microcircuits.

Photosensitive film usable in microgravure

The monomolecular layer is first formed from a solution of amphiphilic molecules by introduction of the solution on a liquid surface which is divided into at least two compartments by at least one rotatable and partly immersed horizontal member. The solvent is then removed and the horizontal member is driven in rotation so as to apply a predetermined pressure to said layer as this latter is transferred from one compartment to the next, the layer being finally deposited on a substrate.

Device for formation and deposition of monomolecular layers of

Method of forming and depositing monomolecular layers of amphiphilic

The dielectric material is constituted by monomolecular layers of an organic substance, the molecules of which have a long aliphatic chain terminating in a hydrophilic group. The substance is selected from the group in which a lateral group is grafted onto the aliphatic chain and is capable of exchanging a hydrogen bond with an identical adjacent molecule.

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Bures-sur-Yvette, France

Andre Barraud