Allied Corporation

Allied Chemical Corporation

Alliedsignal Inc.

Andiappan K Murthy

Kundanbhai M Patel

Alex Y Bekker

Divakaran Masilamani

John H Bonfield

Donald Pickens

George S Hammond

Charles E Carlson

Seymour Draizen

Fred J Gefri

David Y Hsieh

Fredrick J Gefri

An improved process for the production of methyl ethers of the type in which methanol is reacted with a branched monoolefin in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more acid catalyst, said improvements comprising carrying out said reaction in one or two steps in the presence of one or more liquid organic compounds having one or more hydroxy substituents which functions as a carrier for the branched monoolefins. The hydroxy compound also inhibits the polymerization of the branched monoolefins.

Process for the production of methyl ethers from branched monoolefins

A process for converting heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons which comprises contacting, in a reaction zone, a heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil or tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water and with an effective amount of selected catalyst materials such as iron (II and/or III) oxides, sulfides or sulfates, in the absence of externally added hydrogen, at a temperature between greater than about 340.degree. and about 480.degree. C. and at a pressure between about 1350 kPa (about 196 psig, about 13.2 atm) and about 15,000 kPa (about 2175 psig, about 148 atm), for a time sufficient to produce a residue and a vapor phase comprising light hydrocarbons, gaseous product and water, withdrawing the residue and said phase from the second zone; and recovering a light hydrocarbon product having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20 and substantially free of vanadium and nickel values, i.e., less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 30 ppm, a gaseous product, and a residue is disclosed.

Catalytic process for production of light hydrocarbons by treatment of

A process of depositing thin film onto a substrate using super-critical fluids.

Deposition of thin films using supercritical fluids

A novel process is described for the production of aliphatic ketones and an optional consequetive production of the corresponding carbinols. The starting reactants comprise ketones or aldehydes or compounds capable of converting to these in situ, such as alcohols. The reaction takes place in the presence of hydrogen in a selective temperature range, utilizing a catalyst comprising copper oxide.

Process for the production of ketones and carbinols

A process for converting heavy hydrocarbon into light hydrocarbon which comprises contacting heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil and tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water, and carbon monoxide in the presence of an externally added catalyst comprising a mixture of sulfur and at least one of ferric oxide, ferric sulfide, ferrous sulfide and pyrite a residue and a phase comprising light hydrocarbon, gas and water; separating the residue and said phase; and recovering from said phase light hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20, and having a hydrogen to carbon mole ratio greater than that of the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock.

Process for production of hydrogenated light hydrocarbons by treatment

A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons which comprises contacting, in a first zone, a heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil and tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water, in the absence of externally added catalyst and hydrogen, while maintaining the first zone at a temperature between 400.degree. and about 480.degree. C. and at a pressure at least about 690 kPa (about 100 psig, about 6.76 atm) and less than about 5,000 kPa (about 725 psig, about 148 atm), for a contact time under continuous flow conditions sufficient to produce a uniform (i.e., intimate) reaction mixture; forwarding the uniform reaction mixture to a second zone wherein the temperature and pressure conditions of the first zone are maintained at substantially steady state conditions for a time sufficient to separate the uniform mixture into a residue and a phase comprising light hydrocarbons, gas and water, withdrawing the residue and said phase from the second zone; and recovering a light hydrocarbon product having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20 and substantially free of vanadium and nickel values, i.e., less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 10 or 5 ppm, a gaseous product, and a residue.

Production of light hydrocarbons by treatment of heavy hydrocarbons with

Methanol is reacted with branched monoolefins such as isobutylene, or mixtures of hydrocarbons such as mixed C-4's from or in a refinery, in the presence of methanesulfonic acid. A column (10) operation is described wherein methanesulfonic acid (11) and methanol (12) are fed in countercurrent fashion to hydrocarbons (13). Crude product ether is removed as a liquid sidestream (25) above the feed of methanesulfonic acid (11), while hydrocarbons depleted of the reactive branched monoolefins (24) are removed overhead. The methanesulfonic acid suppresses the vapor pressure of methanol relative to product ether.

Producing methyl ethers of branched monoolefins

A process for converting heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons which comprises contacting, in a first zone, a heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil and tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water, in the absence of externally added catalyst and hydrogen, while maintaining the first zone at a temperature between about 380.degree. and about 480.degree. C. and at a pressure between about 5000 kPa (about 725 psig, about 49 atm) and about 15,000 kPa (about 2175 psig, about 148 atm), for a time sufficient to produce a uniform reaction mixture; forwarding the uniform reaction mixture to a second zone wherein the temperature and pressure conditions of the first zone are maintained for a time sufficient to separate the uniform mixture into a residue and a phase comprising light hydrocarbons, gas and water, withdrawing the residue and said phase from the second zone; and recovering a light hydrocarbon product having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of greater than about 20 and substantially free of vanadium and nickel values, i.e., less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 30 ppm, a gaseous product, and a residue is disclosed.

Process for production of light hydrocarbons by treatment of heavy

A casting wheel cooling apparatus and method for rapid quenching of molten metal is provided. The cooling apparatus provides a multiplicity of axial conduits around the periphery of the wheel, close to the chill surface. In operation, molten metal deposits on the chill surface of the rapidly rotating casting wheel. The molten metal cools and solidifies, transferring heat to the casting wheel. By flowing coolant, preferably water, through the conduits at a sufficient rate, the heat transfer is generally radial. The molten metal cools uniformly across its width and the resulting metallic strip has substantially uniform properties.

Forced-convection-cooled casting wheel

An improved process of distilling a cyclohexanone-rich overhead stream in a first still from a feed mixture comprising cyclohexanone, phenol and cyclohexanol of the type wherein a cyclohexanone-rich stream is withdrawn as a part of an overheads condensate from the first still and a phenol-rich stream is withdrawn as a part of a reboiled bottom stream from the first still. The improvement includes withdrawing a side stream substantially free of phenol from above the point where the feed mixture is fed to the first column and separating the side stream in a second still into a second cyclohexanone-rich overhead stream and a bottom stream containing cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol. The second cyclohexanone-rich stream may be returned to the first still.

Cyclohexanone distillation process

In the halogenation under reflux conditions of an unhalogenated aldehyde of the formula ##STR1## with Cl.sub.2, Br.sub.2 or I.sub.2, the aldehyde and halogen are continuously fed into a reactor at a molar ratio of halogen to unhalogenated aldehyde between about 0.8:1 and about 1.1:1 and water is continuously fed into the unhalogenated reactor at a rate of between about 1% and about 20% by weight of aldehyde. The product .alpha.-haloaldehyde is thiohydrocarbylated and then oximated to form a 2-hydrocarbylthioaldoxime of the formula ##STR2## with improved yield and quality because of the improved yield and quality of unhalogenated .alpha.-haloaldehyde. An exemplary process includes the chlorination of isobutyraldehyde (IBA) to form .alpha.-chloroisobutyraldehyde (CIBA), the thiomethylation of CIBA to form 2-methyl-2 methylthio-propionaldehyde (MTIBA) and the oximation of MTIBA to form 2-methylthio-propionaldehyde oxime (aldicarb oxime or ADO).

Process for halogenation of aldehydes and production of oximes therefrom

In the halogenation under reflux conditions of an aldehyde of the formula ##STR1## with Cl.sub.2, Br.sub.2 or I.sub.2, the aldehyde and halogen are continuously fed into a reactor at a molar ratio of halogen to aldehyde between about 0.8:1 and about 1.1:1 and water is continuously fed into the reactor at a rate of between about 1 and about 20% by weight of aldehyde. The product .alpha.-haloaldehyde is thioalkylated and then oximated to form a 2-hydrocarbylthioaldoxime of the formula ##STR2## with improved yield and quality because of the improved yield and quality of .alpha.-haloaldehyde. An exemplary process includes the chlorination of isobutyraldehyde (IBA) to form .alpha.-chloroisobutyraldehyde (CIBA), the thiomethylation of CIBA to form 2-methyl-2 methylthio-propionaldehyde (MTIBA) and the oximation of MTIBA to form 2-methylthio-propionaldehyde oxime (aldicarb oxime or ADO).

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Lake Hiawatha, NJ, United States of America

Andiappan K Murthy