Sandvik Ab

Santrade, Ltd

Smith International, Inc.

Sandvik Aktiebolag

Anders G Thelin

Nils G Brandt

Peter Littecke

Herbert Schachner

Benno Lux

Klas G Stjernberg

Heinz Tippmann

Ronald B Crockett

Gerold Weinl

Rolf G Oskarsson

Lars H Hillert

Jan N Lindstrom

There is now provided a method of machining and shaping a through opening in a fiber-reinforced composite material starting from a preformed hole. At least one rotation symmetrical milling body with a substantially smaller diameter than that of the preformed hole is placed in that hole and the opening is machined and shaped by the milling body partly rotating around its own axis, partly by a translational movement relative to the edge of the opening. According to the method, the fiber-reinforced material is oriented in such a way that the axis of rotation of the milling body is essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fibers at the edge of the opening. The size and/or form of the finished opening differs significantly from that of the preformed hole. The radial spread of the damages and/or the defects define a lower limit for the amount of material removed.

Method of machining composites

Method for machining composites

A metal cutting insert is made by performing a sintering operation to form a substrate having a longitudinal axis and superhard abrasive bodies bonded thereto at longitudinally spaced locations. The substrate and superhard bodies are sliced-through in directions perpendicular to the axis to form inserts having superhard body portions on both side surfaces of the insert.

Method of making metal cutting inserts having superhard abrasive bodies

A cutting insert is formed by making a body (e.g., carbide) which includes a chip face having an outer peripheral edge. The chip face includes a complex chip breaker structure, and a recess disposed between the edge and the chip breaker structure and spaced inwardly from the edge. The recess is filled with a powder of hard material (e.g., diamond or cBN) which is then transformed into a hard body under high pressure and heat conditions. The portion of the base disposed between the edge and the hard body is sufficiently thick to support the body during that pressing step. Then, some or all of that portion is ground away.

Cutting insert adjacent chip breakers having sintered hard bodies

According to the present invention there is now provided a method of making a sintered titanium-based carbonitride alloy. According to the method, melt-metallurgical raw materials containing the metallic alloying elements for hard constituent-forming as well as binder phase-forming elements are melted and cast, using no intentional additions of the elements C, N, B and O, to form a pre-alloy which in solidified condition of brittle intermetallic phases with hard constituent-forming and binder phase-forming elements mixed in atomic scale. The pre-alloy is crushed and/or milled to powder with grain size &lt;50 .mu.m. The powder is carbonitrided for simultaneous formation in situ of extremely fine-grained &lt;0.1 .mu.m, hard constituent particles enclosed in their binder phase. The obtained powder is milled together with lubricant and possible additions of powders of metals, carbides and/or nitrides from the groups IV, V or VI in the Periodic Table in order to obtain desired final analysis after which the powder is compacted and sintered.

Method of making an extremely fine-grained titanium-based carbonitride

This invention relates to a cutting tool material with improved toughness behavior using alumina or silicon nitride as the matrix material. The improved toughness is achieved by the addition of whiskers and optionally zirconia in a monoclinic or tetragonal phase, to the matrix. The whiskers are disc-shaped with a thickness of 0.5-8 .mu.m and an equivalent diameter (hypothetical diameter of a circle with the same area as the disc) of about 5-50 .mu.m.

Ceramic cutting tool material with improved toughness

This invention relates to a cutting tool material with improved toughness behavior. The improved toughness behavior is obtained by using carefully selected reinforcing materials. The objectives of this invention are realized by simultaneously utilizing additives resulting in different toughenings mechanisms. By the simultaneous utilization of different toughening additives, synergistic effects occur giving the tool excellent material properties. The tool material of the present invention comprises reinforcing whisker additives of one dimensional single crystals with preferably different diameter and aspect ratios, two dimensional single crystals with different thickness and aspect ratios, and, in combination therewith, phase transformation additives such as ZrO.sub.2.

Method of cutting with ceramic cutting tool having improved toughness

This invention relates to a cutting tool material with improved toughness behavior. The improved toughness behavior is obtained by using carefully selected reinforcing materials. The objectives of this invention are realized by simultaneously utilizing additives resulting in different toughening mechanisms. By the simultaneous utilization of different toughening additives, synergistic effects occur giving the tool excellent material properties. The tool material of the present invention comprises reinforcing whisker additives of one dimensional single crystals with preferably different diameter and aspect ratios, two dimensional single crystals with different thickness and aspect ratios, and, in combination therewith, phase transformation additives such as ZrO.sub.2.

Ceramic cutting tool with improved toughness behavior

The present invention relates to a compound body consisting of a substrate with a surface coating of one or more dense, finegrained diamond layers, where the diamond grains are directly bonded to each other. Extreme hardness makes the compound body suitable for wear parts- and tools applications. Very good heat conductivity and an extremely high electrical isolation resistance makes the compound body extremely useful to lead away heat in electronic components.

Body with superhard coating

A chemical vapor deposition method for the production of a composite body with one or more polycrystalline diamond layers, essentially free of intercrystalline binder phase, on a substrate of one of: (a) metalbonded hardmaterial compound; (b) ceramic material; or (c) a metal or an alloy, whereby the heated substrate is contacted with a gaseous mixture of hydrocarbon or hydrogen, which mixture has been activated by passing it over a tantalum heater heated to a temperature of 1500.degree.-2500.degree. C. Also disclosed is the use of the compound body in tools subjected to mechanical operations.

Method for making a composite body coated with one or more layers of

The wear resistance and toughness of a coated ceramic insert comprising a ceramic substrate and at least one thin surface layer of ceramic oxide is improved by applying at least one thin intermediate layer of hard borides of the subgroups or of the III-V groups of the periodic table, or of hard yttrium compounds. The layers are deposited from a gaseous phase.

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Vallingby, Sweden

Anders G Thelin