Valvoline Licensing and Intellectual Property LLC

Imperial Innovations Limited

Ashland Licensing and Intellectual Property LLC

Vgp Ipco LLC

Ip2ip0 Innovations Limited

Anant S Kolekar

Frances Ellen Lockwood

Adam E Sworski

Andrew Vernon Olver

Gefei Wu

James Brown

Xiurong Cheng

Dale Reid

Frances Lockwood

A lubricant formulation for an electric or hybrid vehicle includes a base oil, or a blend thereof, one or more additives, and a molybdenum amine complex, such as diisotridecylamine molybdate, are provided. Lubricant formulations can be characterized by one of: improving electric motor protection when a voltage is applied to an electrode in the presence of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; maintaining the electrical resistance slope of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; the formulation forming a protective film on copper surfaces; a change in color of the formulation indicating contact load, temperature, time, or viscosity change.

Lubricant for use in electric and hybrid vehicles and methods of using the same

A lubricant formulation for an electric or hybrid vehicle includes a base oil, or a blend thereof, one or more additives, and a molybdenum amine complex, such as diisotridecylamine molybdate, are provided. Lubricant formulations can be characterized by one of: improving electric motor protection when a volatage is applied to an electrode in the presence of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; maintaining the electrical resistance slope of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; the formulation forming a protective film on copper surfaces; a change in color of the formulation indicating contact load, temperature, time, or viscosity change.

A silicone modified lubricant includes a Group I, II, III, IV or V base oil in combination with a minor amount of a silicone oil. Further, the lubricant includes a dispersant such as a dispersant olefin copolymer which maintains the silicone oil dispersed in the base oil. The silicone oil reduces the surface tension of the lubricant thereby reducing power loss. Preferably the lubricant formation has a surface tension less than 28 mN/m, making it particularly suitable for dip lubrication systems.

Silicone modified lubricant

A gear or engine oil or other type of lubricant, which effectively reduces churning losses in a dip lubrication system or any lubrication system where churning loss occur has a surface tension less than 28 mN/m and viscosity less than 400 mPa-sec at 25&#xb0; C. (about 500 cSt at 25&#xb0; C.). Formulations include Group I-IV base oil, in combination with an amount of silicone oil effective to decrease the surface tension of the oil, thereby reducing churning losses. When the base oil is prominently Group III, the coefficient of friction of the gear oil is also reduced.

Gear and engine oils with reduced surface tension

Energy loss in a dip lubrication system is reduced by reducing the immersion depth of the gear within a pool of oil. This can be accomplished by increasing the pressure within the dip lubrication system which effectively reduces the flow rate of the oil so that the oil remains separated from the oil pool for a longer period of time thereby reducing the oil level and the immersion depth of the gear within the oil pool. Alternately, this can be accomplished by substituting a higher density gas for air which has the same effect. In a third embodiment the immersed gear includes wind vanes that direct air against the oil pool creating a trough which effectively reduces the immersion depth of the gear within the oil pool.

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Lexington, KY, United States of America

Anant S Kolekar