Google Inc.

Anand Ramesh

Jimmy Clidaras

Sangsun Kim

Jyoti Sastry

Ankit Somani

Cornelius Bendict O'Sullivan

Arunava Majumdar

Ronald Scott Collyer

Christopher Gregory Malone

Gregory E Leyh

Scott Aldous

John Zipfel

James Schmalzried

Ryan Thomas Davis

Krishnanjan Gubba Ravikumar

Subhrajit Roychowdhury

Adam Christopher Forni

Sourav Kumar Patel

Di Xu

Systems and methods for managing power loads of one or more data centers using a wide-area energy controller to operate local energy resources of the data center based on power control information generated by a remote data center control system are described. In one aspect, a system includes a set of local energy sources configured to provide power to the loads of the energy system and a wide-area energy controller. The wide-area energy controller includes a first interface communicably coupled to an application programming interface (API) that connects a remote data center control system to respective wide-area energy controllers of multiple data centers, the first interface being configured to receive power control information from the remote data center control system via the API. The wide-area energy controller includes a control unit configured to schedule the local energy sources to provide power to the loads based on the power control information.

Managing power in data centers

Methods, systems, and apparatus for circuit breakers with integrated safety, control, monitoring, and protection features. In one aspect, a circuit breaker includes, an input and an output, a switch coupled between the input and the output, a sensor configured to measure the current flowing from the input to the output, and a control system coupled to the sensor and the switch, wherein the control system is configured to perform operations including comparing a rate of change of the current measured by the sensor to a threshold rate of change of current, determining that the rate of change of the current measured by the sensor exceeds the threshold rate of change of current for at least a predetermined period of time, and as a consequence of determining that the rate of change of current exceeds the threshold rate of change, opening the switch, thereby disconnecting the input from the output.

Circuit breakers with integrated safety, control, monitoring, and protection features

A power system including a rectifier and an inverter. The rectifier has a plurality of phase input terminals and a plurality of rectifier output terminals that provide respective rectified outputs, rectifier circuitry that rectifies the signals on the phase input terminals to generate respective rectified outputs on the rectifier output terminals, a rectifier neutral to receive a power source neutral, and capacitors connected between the rectifier neutral and the rectifier output terminals. The inverter includes a respective plurality of inverter input terminals respectively connected to the rectifier output terminals, a plurality of inverter output terminals, and an inverter neutral. The rectifier neutral and the inverter neutral are coupled by a conductor to form a same neutral.

Transformerless power conversion

A method of providing power to computer systems in a computer data includes receiving high-voltage power from one or more electric utility distribution systems; transforming the high-voltage power to medium-voltage power; and distributing the medium voltage power through a common medium voltage domain that serves a plurality of medium voltage-to-low voltage converters that are located in rows of computer racks in the computer data center.

Data center with large medium voltage domain

A method for providing electrical power to a computer data center includes generating alternating-current power by a plurality of generators and converting the alternating current power from each of the generators to direct current power; combining the direct current power from each of the generators into a common electrical domain; and supplying the computer data center using the combined direct current power.

Large-scale power back-up for data centers

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for non-isolated power conversion. In one aspect, a method includes generating first and second rectified outputs using a rectifier with a first input and a second input connected respectively to a first and second output of a power source, capacitively coupling the first and second rectified outputs to a neutral, generating first and second AC outputs from the first and second rectified outputs, and capacitively coupling the first and second AC outputs to the neutral. Other embodiments of this aspect include corresponding systems, apparatus, and computer programs, configured to perform the actions of the methods, encoded on computer storage devices.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for circuit breakers with integrated safety, control, monitoring, and protection features. In one aspect, a circuit breaker includes an input and an output, a switch coupled between the input and output, a communications device configured to communicate on a data communications network, and a control system coupled to the switch and the communications device, wherein the control system is configured to perform operations including opening the switch as a consequence of detecting an overcurrent condition in a circuit downstream from the circuit breaker, opening and closing the switch based on one or more instructions received by the communications device from the data communications network, and monitoring the power consumption of the circuit downstream from the circuit breaker.

In general, one innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this specification can be embodied in a load control system configured to perform load control operations comprising: measuring a voltage on an electrical grid at a plurality of times; determining, for each time of the plurality of times, a difference between a specified normal voltage and the respective measured voltage at that time; summing the differences between the specified normal voltage and the measured voltages to determine a curtailment level; determining whether the curtailment level exceeds a first threshold curtailment level; and in response to determining that the curtailment level exceeds the first threshold curtailment level, adjusting an amount of power drawn by a load.

Load curtailment on an electrical grid

A system for providing cooled air to electronic equipment includes a cooling system arranged to provide cooling for computer systems in a data center that generate heat from electrical usage; one or more sensors for sensing an environmental condition near the data center; and a central control system programmed to allocate future compute demand for the data center as a function of the sensed environmental condition.

Data center scale utility pool and control platform

A method for providing for conditioning of a computer data center includes supplying a working fluid from a common fluid plane to a plurality of power/cooling units distributed across a data center facility in proximity to electronic equipment that is distributed across the data center facility; converting the working fluid into electric power and cooling capacity at each of the plurality of power/cooling units; and supplying the electric power to a common electric power plane serving a plurality of racks of the electronic equipment in the data center facility and being served by a plurality of the power/cooling units in the data center facility, wherein the common fluid plane serves at least 10 percent of the power/cooling units in the data center facility and the common electric power plane serves at most 5 percent of the electronic equipment in the data center facility.

Self-contained power and cooling domains

Circuit breaker panels for use in, e.g., residential and light commercial applications. The circuit breaker panels are configured to perform conventional safety functions and are also configured for remote control and monitoring. The circuit breaker panels can be constructed with remote control and monitoring capability, and circuit breaker panels lacking remote control and monitoring capability can be augmented to include remote control and monitoring capability.

Integrated circuit breaker panels

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for controlling a battery power source. In one aspect, a system includes a first MOSFET having a first gate, a first source, and a first drain. A second MOSFET having a second gate, a second source, and a second drain. The first source is connected to the second source, and the second drain is coupled to a ground. A control circuit connected to the first gate and the second gate and that provides control signals to the first gate and the second gate that cause the first and second MOSFETS to operate in saturation regions during a first operational state to cause the first power source to discharge and the first MOSFET operates in a linear region during a second operational state to limit a charging current that charges the first power source.

Redundant residential power sources

A method for providing power to a computer data center includes distributing a fluid through a single common domain throughout the computer data center building; converting the fluid into electrical energy at a plurality of electric power generation units that are distributed through the computer data center and connected to receive fluid from the common domain; and providing electrical power from the plurality of power generation units to corresponding electrical loads distributed throughout the computer data center building.

Growing community of inventors

Sunnyvale, CA, United States of America

Anand Ramesh