Leland Stanford Junior University

University of Texas System

University System of Maryland

Koninklijke Philips Corporation N.v.

University of California

Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc.

Broncus Medical Inc.

Broncus

Amit Ramakant Sawant

Paul J Keall

Henky Wibowo

Lei Xing

Robert Timmerman

Yelin Suh

Arezoo Modiri

Esther Vicente

Yulong Yan

Norbert Joseph Pelc

Shyam Bharat

Steven M Conolly

Rebecca Fahrig

Paul Keall

Herbert F Cattell

Greig Scott

Peter G Maxim

Kim Butts Pauly

Dan Ruan

Sankara Hari Gopalakrishnan

Sergey Povzner

Billy W Loo, Jr

Maida Ranjbar

Pouya Sabouri

Byung Chul Cho

Carlo Repetto

A method and apparatus for radiation therapy using functional measurements of branching structures. The method includes determining a location of each voxel of a plurality of voxels in a reference frame of a radiation device. The method further includes obtaining measurements that indicate a tissue type at each voxel. The method further includes determining a subset of the voxels based on an anatomical parameter of a respective branching structure of a set of branching structures indicated by the measurements. The method further includes determining a subset of the voxels that enclose an organ-at-risk (OAR) volume. The method further includes determining a value of a utility measure at each voxel. The method further includes determining a series of beam shapes and intensities which minimize a value of an objective function based on a computed dose delivered to each voxel and the utility measure for that voxel summed over all voxels.

System and method for radiation therapy using spatial-functional mapping and dose sensitivity of branching structures and functional sub-volumes

A lung motion phantom device and method of operation. The device has a body having an outer shell and a lung insert, a first actuator connected to a first drive linkage for driving a first displacement of an internal volume of the lung insert and an outer surface of the outer shell in a first direction, a second actuator connected to a second drive linkage for driving a second displacement of the internal volume of the lung insert and the outer surface of the outer shell in a second direction different than the first direction, and a controller programmed to control the first and second actuators such that the first and second displacements simulate movement of an external surface and an interior of a thoracic region of a patient.

Deformable lung model apparatus

When reducing radiation dose to healthy tissue near a target volume, a 4D motion model () of a target volume is generated during CT scan data acquisition. The target volume is tracked, and tracked target volume position information () is provided to a motion estimation tool (). Motion parameter information () output from the motion estimation tool is linked to motion phases of the target volume indicated by CT scan data. A dynamic planned target volume (PTV) () that covers the target volume in each motion phase is generated and linked to tracked motion parameters for each respective motion phase. A radiation dose is delivered to the PTV for each motion phase using the linked motion parameters and real-time tracking information.

Therapy planning

A method of multileaf collimator (MLC) leaf positioning in tracking-based adaptive radiotherapy is provided. The method includes determining a radiotherapy beam pattern by transforming a treatment beam plan into radiotherapy beam coordinates, determining a dose discrepancy between the radiotherapy beam pattern and a deliverable MLC aperture, where the dose discrepancy includes a sum of an overdose cost and an underdose cost to a treatment volume, and minimizing the dose discrepancy, where the dose discrepancy minimization provides a determined deliverable MLC aperture for the radiotherapy beam.

Method and system for real-time DMLC-based target tracking with optimal motion compensating leaf adaptation

A method and system are disclosed for estimating internal position information of a target in real-time based on a single gantry-mounted x-ray imager and a respiratory signal. The x-ray imaging is done periodically to limit radiation dosage. Initial parameters for the estimation model are determined in a pre-treatment session using four dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) in combination with a respiratory signal acquired from the patient. The model parameters are updated during treatment based on the periodic x-ray image data and the respiratory signal.

Method and apparatus for real-time 3D target position estimation by combining single x-ray imaging and external respiratory signals

The present invention provides a radiotherapy treatment apparatus that includes a treatment beam, a magnetic field disposed parallel collinear to the treatment beam, and a target that is disposed along the treatment beam. The treatment beam can be a charged particle beam, a proton beam, an electron beam, or a linear accelerator (Linac) beam. The magnetic field is from a magnetic resonance imager (MRI), a megavolt x-ray imager, or a kilovolt x-ray imager and is disposed to operate in coordination with operation of the treatment beam and to narrow the beam. The tumor is disposed to rotate with respect to the treatment beam and the magnetic field, or the treatment beam and the magnetic field are disposed to rotate up to 360&#xb0; with respect to the target when mounted to a ring gantry. The apparatus can include a rotation angle dependent shim disposed to account for Earth's magnetic field.

Configurations for integrated MRI-linear accelerators

A method of continuous real-time monitoring and positioning of multi-leaf collimators during on and off radiation exposure conditions of radiation therapy to account for target motion relative to a radiation beam is provided. A prediction algorithm estimates future positions of a target relative to the radiation source. Target geometry and orientation are determined relative to the radiation source. Target, treatment plan, and leaf width data, and temporal interpolations of radiation doses are sent to the controller. Coordinates having an origin at an isocenter of the isocentric plane establish initial aperture end positions of the leaves that is provided to the controller, where motors to position the MLC midpoint aperture ends according to the position and target information. Each aperture end intersects a single point of a convolution of the target and the isocenter of the isocentric plane. Radiation source hold-conditions are provided according to predetermined undesirable operational and/or treatment states.

Method to track three-dimensional target motion with a dynamical multi-leaf collimator

Growing community of inventors

Richardson, TX, United States of America

Amit Ramakant Sawant