Lucent Technologies Inc.

Alcatel Lucent

Alcatel-lucent USA Inc.

Allen Paine Mills, Jr

Bernard Yurke

Philip Moss Platzman

A modified or isolated composition comprising a gel. The gel includes a plurality of first polymers, each of said first polymers having first functional groups comprising a first nucleic acid sequence attached as side-chains thereto. The gel includes a plurality of second polymers, each of said second polymers having second functional groups comprising a second nucleic acid sequence attached as side-chains thereto, said first and said second functional groups forming a reversible cross-link between said first and said second polymers, wherein said cross-link comprises a plurality of hydrogen bonds between complementary base portions of said first and said second nucleic acid sequences.

Compositions that reversibly gel and de-gel

A composition that comprises a first polymer having first functional groups attached as side-chains thereto. The composition further comprises a second polymer having second functional groups attached as side-chains thereto. The first and the second functional groups are capable of reversibly forming a cross-link between the first and the second polymers.

This invention is an oligomer-based analog neural network (ANN) comprising weight and saturation oligomers, the concentrations of which are selected such that activation of the ANN by a set of input oligomers generates a set of output oligomers, the sequences and relative concentrations of which are dependent on the sequences and relative concentrations of the input oligomers. The invention further includes methods for using such an ANN for solving any problems amenable to solution by a trained neural network. A preferred embodiment of the claimed invention is a DNA-based ANN that accepts cDNA molecules as inputs and analyzes the gene expression profile of the cells from which the cDNA is derived. The DNA-based ANN is typically trained with a computer to identify the weights giving accurate mapping of the inputs to the outputs; and the concentrations of weight oligomers of the DNA-based ANN are then selected accordingly.

DNA-based analog neural networks

The present invention is directed to an analog, oligomer-based method for determining a mathematical result of carrying out an operation of matrix algebra on input data. The method comprises representing at least one m-component vector V&equals;&Sgr; V e by a set of single-stranded oligomers E and which are in 1:1 correspondence with the basis vectors e , i&equals;1, 2, . . . , m in an abstract m-dimensional vector space. A composition comprising at least one set of oligomers E and representing the components of a vector is obtained as input date and is subjected to at least one physical or chemical treatment having an effect on the oligomers that is an analog representation of an operation of matrix algebra. The method can be used to represent the operations of a neural network; for example, to produce a content-addressable memory, or a multilayer perceptron.

Analog computation using hybridization-capable oligomers

The rate of nucleic acid strand exchange can be greatly enhanced if one of the strands of a double-stranded nucleic acid oligomer has a single-stranded extension, or &ldquo;toehold,&rdquo; to which a complementary, single-stranded, nucleic acid oligomer can bind. Toehold-facilitated strand exchange makes possible the controlled addition and removal of one nucleic acid strand from a second, complementary strand. Oligomers are designed and used to carry out controlled, repetitive nucleic acid structural transitions mediated by hybridization and toehold-facilitated strand exchange reactions, which in turn control the operation of a nanomachine or a 2-state molecular switch.

Nanomachines fueled by nucleic acid strand exchange

A method for varying the resistance along a conductive layer. The method including the step of removing at least a portion of a resistance-altering constituent diffused within the conductive layer.

Method of varying the resistance along a conductive layer

An apparatus including at least one designated memory cell of a plurality of memory cells. Disposed within each designated memory cell is a resistance-altering constituent. Consequently, a first binary value is recognoized in each designated cell and at least a second binary value is recognized in each remaining cell.

Read only memory structure

The present invention is directed to methods for (a) encrypting information in the form of words, numbers, or graphical images, by obtaining a set of nucleic acid strands or nucleic acid analog strands having subunit sequences selected to represent the information, (b) transmitting the information by sending the nucleic acids or nucleic acid analogs to a recipient who possesses a key for decryption, and (c) using the key to decrypt the information and recover the words, numbers, or represented by the nucleic acids or nucleic acid analogs.

Data transmission using DNA oligomers

The invention is a method for separating target oligomers that are nucleic acid oligomers or analogs of a nucleic acid oligomer having a desired first subunit sequence, from impurity oligomers that is do not comprise the first subunit sequence. According to the invention, a mixture of oligomers comprising the target oligomers and the impurity oligomers, are loaded onto a separation medium under conditions such that the mixture of oligomers physically moves through the separation medium. The separation medium contains separation oligomers comprising a subunit sequence that is complementary to the first subunit sequence, and the separation oligomers are distributed in the separation medium during movement of the target and impurity oligomers through the separation medium. Conditions are controlled so that the rates of hybridization and dissociation of complementary portions of the target oligomers and the separation oligomers in the separation medium are about the same. The mixture of oligomers is allowed to move through the separation medium until the target oligomers are separated from the impurity oligomers.

DNA affinity chromatography

The present invention is directed to a method for providing oligonucleotides or oligonucleotide analogs having known subunit sequences in which the desired oligomers are released from selected storage sites in one, two, or three dimensions, on a substrate by locally denaturing double-stranded complexes at the storage sites containing the desired oligomers. The released oligomers are useful in schemes for determining solutions to mathematical problems, in methods wherein hybridizing oligomers are used to encrypt and transmit data, in diagnostic and screening assay methodologies, and as primers or building blocks for synthesizing larger polynucleotides.

Method of generating nucleic acid oligomers of known composition

This invention relates to methods for making polynucleotides of any desired nucleotide sequence by repeating a series of reactions involving assembly of overlapping oligomers, ligation by DNA ligase, and cleavage with a restriction enzyme that cuts so as to add one or more additional nucleotides to a growing polynucleotide. This invention also relates to combining such a method for polynucleotide synthesis with a step employing localized melting of hybridized DNA oligomers, to synthesize an array of polynucleotides of different, defined nucleotide sequence on a substrate, and to the articles for polynucleotide hybridization so made. This invention further includes methods in which a substrate bearing an array of polynucleotides made according to the invention is used to determine the nucleotide sequence of a nucleic acid, or to detect or isolate a nucleic acid having a selected nucleotide sequence, and a device which analyzes a substrate-bound array of polynucleotides made according to the invention to determine the nucleotide sequence of a nucleic acid, or to detect or isolate a nucleic acid having a selected nucleotide sequence.

Methods for polynucleotide synthesis and articles for polynucleotide

A read-only memory having sets of word lines and bit lines orthogonal to each other and separated by an insulator. At specific cell sites, selected by a memory algorithm, a word line is connected to bit lines by a doped or undoped polysilicon data resistor. The use of a data resistor, rather the an active device such as a MOSFET, provides a saving in space by a factor of four. The polysilicon data resistor may have a range of values, the minimum of which is determined by the number of cell sites and the resistance of the word and bit lines. The maximum value of the data resistor is determined by thermal noise considerations. Within this range, the data resistors may also have discrete values so that more than one data level may be stored at a cell site, to provide even greater storage density.

Growing community of inventors

Chatham, NJ, United States of America

Allen Paine Mills, Jr