Henkel Corporation

National Distillers and Chemical Corporation

Emery Industries, Inc.

Allen L Hall

Richard G Fayter

Dean A Oester

Stephen J Vesper

Kevin W Anderson

Karl T Zilch

A mutant fungal strain, namely G. candidum NRRL Y-552, mutant known as Henkel 9-2-3-9 produces a lipase called 'UNLipase' providing a selectivity of 25:1 for oleic acid over palmitic acid by the assay procedure employed. UNLipase has a temperature range of operation of between 0 and 40 degrees Celsius (and no activity over 55 degrees Celsius). The optimum pH ranges are between 7.5 and 8.5. Magnesium cations increase activity, whereas calcium cations are inhibitory. The molecular weight of the protein appears to be 65 kDa by size exclusion chromatography. UNLipase shows a high degree of selectivity for hydrolysis, esterification and transesterification.

Mutant of geotrichum candidum which produces novel enzyme system to

An improved fat splitting process which eliminates the induction period encountered during pressure splitting. A partial hydrolysis is conducted prior to pressure splitting by combining a lipase in the presence of water with the fat or oil to be hydrolyzed with added agitation. Pressure splitting of this partially split triglyceride eliminates or reduces the induction period.

Fat splitting process

Mutant of Geotrichum candidum which produces novel enzyme system to

A mutant fungal strain, namely G. candidum NRRL Y-552, mutant known as Henkel 9-2-3-9 (ATCC 74170) produces a lipase called 'UNLipase' providing a selectivity of 25:1 for oleic acid over palmitic acid by the assay procedure employed. UNLipase has a temperature range of operation of between 0 and 40 degrees Celsius (and no activity over 55 degrees Celsius). The optimum pH ranges are between 7.5 and 8.5. Magnesium cations increase activity, whereas calcium cations are inhibitory. The molecular weight of the protein appears to be 65 kDa by size exclusion chromatography. UNLipase shows a high degree of selectivity for hydrolysis, esterification and transesterification.

Novel 2-vinyl(or ethyl)-1-cyanocyclopropane-1-carboxylates and 2-vinyl(or ethyl)-1-arylcyclopropane-1-carboxylates useful as herbicides, pesticides and chemical intermediates are provided. The invention also relates to a method of modifying plant growth by the application of vinyl(or ethyl)cyclopropane derivatives wherein the carboxylate group contains an amine or quaternized amine moiety.

2-Vinyl- and 2-ethylcyclopropane monocarboxylates as plant growth

2,4,5-Trisubstituted-2,3-dihydrofurans useful for fungicidal applications are provided herein. The 2,3-dihydrofuran compounds correspond to the general formula ##STR1## where R is an ethyl or vinyl group, R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbon radical and X is a nitrile, amide or sulfonyl group. The compounds of this invention are effective fungicides for the treatment of seeds and also find use in other agricultural fungicidal applications.

2,3-Dihydrofurans useful as fungicides

A process is provided wherein cyclopropyl ketones are readily isomerized to 2,3-dihydrofurans. The process involves the thermal rearrangement of 1,1-disubstituted-2-alkylcyclopropanes or 1,1-disubstituted-2-alkenylcyclopropanes, wherein one of the substituents in the 1-position is an acyl group, to 2,4,5-trisubstituted-2,3-dihydrofurans employing an onium compound as the catalyst.

Process for the isomerization of cyclopropyl ketones to 2,3-dihydrofurans

Novel 2-vinyl- and 2-ethyl-cyclopropyl sulfones are provided. In addition to the ethyl or vinyl group at the 2-position of the ring, the compounds of this invention are disubstituted at the 1-position with a sulfonyl group and an acyl, nitrile or nitrile-derived radical. The sulfones of this invention are useful chemical intermediates from which a wide variety of pesticidal, herbicidal or biologically active compounds can be prepared and are useful monomers for anionic or radical polymerizations.

Substituted-cyclopropyl sulfones

2-Vinyl- and 2-ethylcyclopropane monocarboxylates

2-Vinyl- and 2-ethylcyclopropanes having an aryl group and a nitrogen-containing radical substituted at the 1-position on the ring are provided. The novel 1,1-disubstituted 2-vinylcyclopropane and 2-ethylcyclopropane compounds of this invention have utility in herbicidal applications and are useful reactants. The 2-vinylcyclopropane derivatives are useful monomers for anionic and radical polymerizations.

1,1-Disubstituted 2-vinyl- and 2-ethylcyclopropanes

This invention provides a convenient and commercially adaptable process for the preparation of vinylcyclopropane derivatives in high yield. For the process an alkylating agent and activated methylene compound are reacted in the presence of an alkylene oxide derivative and alkali metal compound. Water can also be present and/or the reaction may be carried out in an inert organic diluent.

Growing community of inventors

Amelia, OH, United States of America

Allen L Hall