Instituto Mexicano Del Petroleo

Alfonso Lopez Ortega

Flavio Salvador Vazquez Moreno

Fernando Alvarez Ramirez

Cesar Andres Flores Sandoval

Arquimedes Estrada Martinez

Laura Veronica Castro Sotelo

Eugenio Alejandro Flores Oropeza

Jose Gonzalo Hernandez Cortez

Reyna Reyes Martinez

Gerardo Zavala Olivares

Enrique Cevada Maya

Edgar Benedicto Zamora Guerrero

Aristeo Estrada Buendia

Edgar Ivan Hernandez Carbajal

Jessica Valeria Fuentes Santiago

Marco Antonio Chavez Mora

Juan De Clavel Lopez

Rodrigo De Garcia Jimenez

Disclosed are chemical products useful for crude oil conditioning, particularly to demulsifying basic compounds. Disclosed are PEO-PPO-PEOtriblock bipolymers, with amphoteric groups, &#x3b2;-amino acid derivatives, at the chain ends, which destabilize water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsions, thereby removing emulsified water and salts dissolved salts in the aforementioned phase.

PEO-PPO-PEO triblock bipolymers, with amphoteric endings, as demulsifying agents for heavy crude oils

A problem of the crude oil industry is the presence of large amounts of water and salts, which can not be efficiently removed by conventional dehydrating polymers. In addition, the acid stimulation operations of petroleum wells cause the chemical degradation of demulsifiers such as polyethers and phenolic resins, reducing drastically their efficiency as water and salt removers. Disclosed herein is a series of new copolymers that are combinations of an alkyl acrylate and a carboxyalkyl acrylate, synthesized by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization (under starved feed conditions), which ensures both the homogeneity of the different chains as well as the randomness of the monomers distribution. The acrylic-carboxyacrylic copolymers show good performance as water/oil emulsion breaker initiators, water droplet coalescers and clarifiers of the remaining aqueous phase. These novel acrylic-carboxyacrylic copolymers show a higher clarification capacity in comparison with acrylic copolymers [19], vinyl acrylics [12] and polyethers.

Water/crude oil removers based on alkylacrylic-carboxyalkylacrylic random copolymers of controlled molecular mass

This invention is directed to a method for defoaming crude oil by the addition of copolymers based on silicone free alkyl acrylics defoamers for crude oils with densities between 10 and 40&#xb0; API. The alkyl acrylic copolymers at conditions similar to those of gas-liquid separators are efficient foam formation inhibitors in heavy and super-heavy crude oils to reduce foam levels between 15 and 50% faster than non-dosed crude oil. Some acrylic copolymers exhibited a greater efficiency as defoamers than commercial silicones, which promote the defoaming only 20 or 25 vol % faster than the natural foam collapse. Silicones as defoamers present serious problems as the formation of deposits and the deactivation of catalysts in the refining processes. These problems have originated a series of interdictions to use silicon based defoamers and new chemical compounds completely silicon free are required to control the foam levels in the gas/petroleum separation tanks.

Formulations of copolymers based on alkyl acrylates used as defoamers of heavy and super-heavy crude oils

The present invention relates to the application based on alkyl acrylate homopolymers, such as antifoaming agents in crude oils with densities of 10 to 40&#xb0; API. Evaluation tests in 'live' crude oil, under similar gas-liquid separation equipment conditions, showed that these polymers based on alkyl acrylate are effective foaming inhibitors in heavy and super-heavy crude oils, reducing the foam between 15 and 50% faster compared to crude oil without an antifoaming agent. Some acrylics show better performance than commercial silicon-based polymers, which suppress foam 20-25% faster than the blank. The antifoaming agents of this invention, based on alkyl acrylate and totally free of silicon, is an advantageous option, to replace the silicone-based foam inhibitors currently on the market.

Formulations of homopolymers based on alkyl acrylates used as antifoaming agents in heavy and super-heavy crude oils

The present invention is related to formulations consisting of block copolymers &#x3b1;,&#x3c9;-di-aryl or alkyl sulfonates of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)of bis-ammonium and block copolymers &#x3b1;,&#x3c9;-di-amine of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide), that are effective in the dewatering and desalting crude whose specific gravities are within the range of 14 to 23&#xb0;API.

Block copolymers, synthesis and application as dehydrating and desalting of heavy crudes

A chemical synthesis process is provided for the functionalization of monodispersed triblock copolymer (POE-POP-POE) with secondary or tertiary amines at a semi-industrial level in glass reactors having a capacity between 1 L and 100 L. The process includes two stages where the first stage uses an alkylsulfonyl or arylsulfonyl chloride to obtain better leaving groups, and the second stage is the nucleophilic substitution with secondary or tertiary amines, to obtain the bifunctionalized triblock copolymers. The main advantage for this process is to reduce the quantity of unitary process done in each stage, the optimization of reaction times, and the stoichiometric relationships.

Scale-up process of bifunctionalized triblock copolymers with secondary and tertiary amines, with application in dewatering and desalting of heavy crude oils

Compositions consisting of block copolymers &#x3b1;,&#x3c9;-di-aryl or alkyl sulfonates of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)of bis-ammonium and block copolymers &#x3b1;,&#x3c9;-di-amine of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide), are provided that are effective in the dewatering and desalting crude oils whose specific gravities are within the range of 14 to 20&#xb0; API. A method of dewatering and desalting heavy crude oil adds a mixture of the copolymer bifunctionalized with an aliphatic or aromatic secondary amine and a copolymer bifunctionalized with an aliphatic or aromatic tertiary amine.

Dehydrating and desalting compositions of crude oils, using triblock copolymers &#x3b1;, &#x3a9;-bifunctionalized with amines

The present invention is related to formulations consisting by block copolymers &#x3b1;,&#x3c9;-di-aryl or alkyl sulfonates of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)of bis-ammonium and block copolymers &#x3b1;,&#x3c9;-di-amine of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide), that are effective in the dewatering and desalting crude whose specific gravities are within the range of 14 to 23&#xb0; API.

Dehydrating and desalting compositions of crude oils, using triblock copolymers &#x3b1;,&#x3c9;-bifunctionalized with amines

The present invention is related to formulations including one or more block copolymers with low polydispersity and bifunctionalized with amines, and an ionic liquid. A method of demulsifying, dehydrating, and desalting crude oils having API gravity ranging between 8 to 30 admixes the formulation with the crude oil in an amount effective to demulsify, dehydrate and/or desalt the crude oils.

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Mexico City, Mexico

Alfonso Lopez Ortega