The Mead Corporation

Enzymol International, Inc.

Other

Wiley Organics, Inc.

Alexander R Pokora

Mark A Johnson

William L Cyrus, Jr

Gregory Kaplan

Thurman M Wheeler

Rong-Chang Liang

Richard L Brandon

John J Stolfo

Joseph B Henry

Mary M Stanley

Mark K Morehart

Joseph Borovsky

Wood pulps are bleached and/or delignified using soybean peroxidase. A protease, xylanase, ligninase, pectin esterase, pectin lyase or manganese peroxidase may also be used simultaneously or as a pretreatment or posttreatment.

Process for treating lignocellulosic material with soybean peroxidase in

A method for oxidizing certain aromatic compounds such as biphenols using an oxidizing agent such as peroxide in a solvent such as a concentrated alkanoic acid or and alkane diol.

Method using aromatic oxidizing agents

In accordance with the present invention, tetraalkylbisphenols are prepared by biocatalytic dimerization of di-(lower alkyl)-substituted phenols in the presence of peroxidase enzyme and peroxide. Three reaction pathways to the desired diols are provided.

Biocatalytic process for preparing tetraalkylbiphenols

A process is described for the dimerization of a substituted aromatic compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X represents --OH, --SH or --NHR where R is H, an alkyl group or an aryl group; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alicyclic group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 can have the same definition as R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and may additionally represent a hydrogen atom; which comprises reacting the substituted aromatic compound in the presence of a peroxidase enzyme, a peroxide and a radical transfer agent in an aqueous medium.

Process for the biocatalytic coupling of aromatic compounds in the

Biocatalytic oxidative processes wherein oxidizable substrates are reacted in the presence of soybean peroxidase are described. Preferred biocatalytic oxidative reactions include the oxidation of sulfides, O-dealkylation of alkyl aryl ethers, N-dealkylation of aromatic amines, halogenation of halogen-reactive compounds and polymerization of aromatic amines. Examples of such reactions include the oxidation of alkyl aryl sulfides, the O-dealkylation of methoxybenzenes, the N-dealkylation of N,N-dimethyl aromatic amines halogenation of 5,5-dimethyl 1,3-cyclohexane dione, and the polymerization of aniline which can yield an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP). A solution of substrate is prepared and then contacted with soybean peroxidasein the presence of a peroxide, preferably hydrogen peroxide. The reactions are preferably carried out in the presence of 10 to 100 mM calcium ions.

Biocatalytic oxidation using soybean peroxidase

Peroxidase can be recovered from seed hulls in an improved method using a freeze-thaw technique. First, the seed hulls are comminuted, placed into water and homogenized. Next, the homogenate is frozen then thawed. The enzyme is then recovered from the aqueous solution by conventional means. Soybean or rice seed hulls can be used in this process.

Method of recovering peroxidase from seed hulls using a freeze-thaw

Biocatalytic oxidative processes wherein oxidizable substrates are reacted in the presence of a peroxidase such as soybean peroxidase or another legume peroxidase is described.

Biocatalytic oxidation of a reactive primary alcohol using soybean

A method for the delignification of wood pulps by use of protease enzymes. Useful proteases include bromelain, pepsin and papain. The proteases are used to delignify the wood by degrading the wood protein, extensin.

Protease catalyzed treatments of lignocellulose materials

A method of deinking printed waste paper for recycle which comprises converting a printed waste paper to a fibrous pulp in an aqueous medium to form a fibrous pulp slurry; contacting the slurry with a soybean peroxidase and a peroxide to deink the pulp; separating the deinked pulp from the aqueous medium; and recovering the deinked pulp.

Method for deinking printed waste paper using soybean peroxidase

A method for treating fibrous sheet materials such as paper or paperboard containing polyamide resin as a wet strength agent which comprises reacting the fibrous materials with an enzyme to hydrolyze the resin and thereby improve repulping of the fibrous materials.

Method for repulping fibrous materials containing crosslinked polyamide

A process for preparing a phenolic resin which comprises preparing a reaction medium containing a phenol and a peroxidase enzyme and adding a solution of a peroxide to said medium, said peroxide being added to said medium at a rate which decreases from an initial rate of about 2 to 3 millimolar/min as the amount of phenol in said medium decreases such that the concentration of peroxide does not exceed about 12 millimolar.

Biocatalytic production of phenolic resins with ramped peroxide addition

An analytical composition comprising antibody conjugate, an indicator which is capable of providing a detectable condition in the presence of peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide assays performed using this composition are described.

Soybean peroxidase assays

The present invention is directed to a fiber having improved chemical, thermal and structural stability, comprising an inner core material such as polyacrylonitrile of a first surface tension and an outer clad such as a cyanate ester of a polyphenol of a second surface tension lower than the first surface tension such that the outer layer material adheringly surrounds the inner core material and is crosslinkable therewith, and where, in a preferred embodiment, the polyacrylonitrile and the cyanate ester crosslink to form triazine; and a method and compound for the same; a novel crosslinked phenolic resin is also described.

Crosslinked resins useful in phenolic resin containing fibers

A photoresist composition, and a process for using the same are; the composition comprises a polyphenolic resin and a sensitizer effective, when exposed to actinic radiation, to provide alkali solubility to said composition, wherein said resin is represented by the formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkaryl group or an aryl group; R' is a silyl group; and n and n'+m are greater than 3. The composition exhibits high thermal and plasmal resistance and good dissolution characteristics.

Photoresist composition including polyphenol and sensitizer

Biocatalytic oxidative processes wherein oxidizable substrates are reacted with peroxides in the presence of a peroxidase such as soybean peroxidase or another legume peroxidase; an oxidative coupling reaction for producing phenolic resins; a method for the purification of peroxidase enzyme-containing extracts generally also are described.

Growing community of inventors

Pickerington, OH, United States of America

Alexander R Pokora