Rockwell Collins, Inc.

Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation

Alexander B Kozyrev

James B West

Daniel Warren Van Der Weide

Jiwon L Moran

Orion D Davies

An ESA antenna includes a layer of filters between the layer of radiating elements and the ground layer. The filter layer obviates certain post processing steps. The filters define a passband at the operating range of the antenna and a stopband defined to prevent crosstalk or reduce known external interference. Each filter includes alternating cells of a resonator cell formed by two split ring resonators and a resonator cell formed by a complementary split ring resonator and a complementary patch/stub. A particular implementation of the filter defines an operating range around 23 gigahertz with a passband to stopband transition of less than 500 megahertz. Vias may connect the filter layer to a surface component layer with beamforming integrated circuits, bypassing the routing layer.

Electronically steered antenna substrate embedded resonator filters

A staged circuit includes a plurality of switching elements in series. Each of the switching elements includes two switches operated in concert. Separate but correlated clock signals drive the switches of each switching element. Switch timing for the switches in each switching element is tuned via certain delays to produce transients with variable characteristics. Furthermore, the number of switching elements may be adjusted to produce transients with variable characteristics. The staged circuit defines a time-varying transmission line and can be used as a driver for a NLTL source.

Generation and shaping of electromagnetic pulses using time-varying transmission lines

A log periodic antenna system with conformal radiating elements includes a feed layer with phase shifters and filters associated with each radiating element. The filters may be low-pass or band-pass filters. The log periodic conformal radiating elements produce superior gain and bandwidth, and reduce directionality of the antenna at least along a radial axis of the antenna. Sets of conformal radiating elements are disposed on opposing sides of the antenna, or periodically around the surface of the antenna, to further reduce directionality.

Low-band UWB conformal antenna

A surface wave launcher surrounds and provides structure complimentary to an antenna and converts (transforms) a near field produced by the antenna into a cylindrical surface wave structure with a strong electric or magnetic field component parallel to a launching interface and propagating two-dimensionally from the launcher. The surface wave launcher leverages the interface found along ocean-air or ground-air to increase a field strength transmitted for a given antenna size and power available. The surface wave launcher maintains a relatively small structure compared to wavelength offering mobility to a very low frequency transmitter. Due to localization of the surface wave energy near the interface, communications using the surface wave retain a desirable low probability of detection.

Launcher of electromagnetic surface wave propagating along seawater-air or ground-air interface

A filter circuit can include a plurality of elementary Fano resonator circuits electrically coupled to each other. Each elementary Fano resonator circuit can include a closed loop circuit including a combination of at least three inductive and/or capacitive components and at least two ports. At least one port of the at least two ports can correspond to a node of the filter circuit not within the closed loop circuit. The elementary Fano resonator circuit can also include a branch including at least one other inductive or capacitive component and extending between a node of the closed loop circuit and a port of the at least one port corresponding to a node of the filter circuit not within the closed loop circuit.

High selective (brick wall) filters based on Fano resonances

A filter can be used in circuit. The filter includes a first stage including a first resonator configured to oscillate at a first fundamental frequency, a second resonator configured to oscillate at a second fundamental frequency, and a first nonlinear coupler for the first resonator and the second resonator. The second fundamental frequency being one half of the first fundamental frequency. The filter also includes a second stage including a third resonator, a fourth resonator, and a second nonlinear coupler for the third resonator and the fourth resonator.

Filter including non-magnetic frequency selective limiters

A radio frequency (RF) wave generator includes a nonlinear transmission line and a pulse generator. The nonlinear transmission line has in order an input section, a magnetic section, and an output section. The magnetic section includes a nonlinear magnetic material. The pulse generator is configured to provide an input pulse to the input section which is converted to an RF wave by the nonlinear transmission line. A waveform of the input pulse is such that the generated RF wave is parametrically amplified.

Parametrically driven gyromagnetic nonlinear transmission line oscillator

A non-magnetic material frequency selective limiter circuit has first and second resonators and a non-linear coupling component. The first resonator oscillates at a fundamental frequency. The second resonator oscillates at one half of the fundamental frequency. The non-linear coupling component non-linearly and parametrically couples the first resonator and the second resonator. The first resonator, second resonator and the non-linear coupling component are arranged so as to reduce the amplitude of an output signal for an input signal of frequency &#x3c9; when an input signal amplitude is above a voltage threshold value, by converting part of the input signal to a signal at the frequency &#x3c9;/2. The first resonator, second resonator and the non-linear coupling component are formed of non-magnetic materials.

Non-magnetic frequency selective limiters and signal-to-noise enhancers

A left-handed nonlinear transmission line system has multiple nonlinear capacitors connected in series between input and output terminals and multiple inductances connected in parallel between the nonlinear capacitors and a return conductor extending between the input and output terminals. The nonlinear capacitors have a capacitance characteristic that changes with the voltage applied across the capacitors, such as a capacitance that decreases with increasing voltage. A radio frequency signal source is coupled to the input terminals and provides power at a selected drive frequency. Depending on the frequency of the drive signal with respect to the Bragg cutoff frequency of the nonlinear transmission line, the output signal may include a strong signal component at the third harmonic of the input drive signal frequency, components at higher harmonics, or components at fractional frequencies of the input drive signal frequency. Parametric generation of other signal waves that are phase matched with the signal wave produced by the input drive signal is also possible under appropriate conditions. The left-handed nonlinear transmission line system generates such output signal frequencies with high efficiency.

Growing community of inventors

Madison, WI, United States of America

Alexander B Kozyrev