Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.

University of Tennessee Research Foundation

Computational Systems, Inc.

Alexander Andrew Carey

Mark S Andreaco

Peter Carl Cohen

Matthias J Schmand

James Luke Corbeil

Charles L Melcher

Raymond Earl Garvey, Iii

Robert A Mintzer

Merry A Koschan

Disclosed herein is a material, comprising a first metal halide that is operative to function as a scintillator; where the first metal halide excludes cesium iodide (ScI), strontium iodide (SrI), cesium bromide (CsBr), thallium doped cesium iodide (CsI:Tl), europium doped strontium iodide (SrI:Eu), europium doped barium iodide (BaI;EU), cerium doped strontium iodide (SrI:Ce), cerium doped barium iodide (BaI:Ce), cerium doped lanthanum bromide (LaBr:Ce), and cerium doped lutetium iodide (LuI:Ce); and a surface layer comprising a second metal halide that is disposed on a surface of the first metal halide; where the second metal halide has a lower water solubility than the first metal halide.

Passivation of metal halide scintillators

The present disclosure discloses, in one arrangement, a scintillator material made of a metal halide with one or more additional group-13 elements. An example of such a compound is Ce:LaBrwith thallium (Tl) added, either as a codopant or in a stoichiometric admixture and/or solid solution between LaBrand TlBr. In another arrangement, the above single crystalline iodide scintillator material can be made by first synthesizing a compound of the above composition and then forming a single crystal from the synthesized compound by, for example, the Vertical Gradient Freeze method. Applications of the scintillator materials include radiation detectors and their use in medical and security imaging.

Metal halide scintillators with reduced hygroscopicity and method of making the same

Disclosed herein is a material, comprising a first metal halide that is operative to function as a scintillator; where the first metal halide excludes cesium iodide, strontium iodide, and cesium bromide; and a surface layer comprising a second metal halide that is disposed on a surface of the first metal halide; where the second metal halide has a lower water solubility than the first metal halide.

Disclosed herein is a method including manufacturing a powder having a composition of formula (1),MMMMO&#x2003;&#x2003;(1)

Method for controlling gallium content in gadolinium-gallium garnet scintillators

A method of growing a rare-earth oxyorthosilicate crystal, and crystals grown using the method are disclosed. The method includes preparing a melt by melting a first substance including at least one first rare-earth element and providing an atmosphere that includes an inert gas and a gas including oxygen.

Crystal growth atmosphere for oxyorthosilicate materials production

A halide material, such as scintillator crystals of LaBr:Ce and SrI:Eu, with a passivation surface layer is disclosed. The surface layer comprises one or more halides of lower water solubility than the scintillator crystal that the surface layer covers. A method for making such a material is also disclosed. In certain aspects of the disclosure, a passivation layer is formed on a surface of a halide material such as a scintillator crystal of LaBr:Ce of SrI:Eu by fluorinating the surface with a fluorinating agent, such as Ffor LaBr:Ce and HF for SrI:Eu.

A scintillator element is disclosed where the scintillator element includes a scintillator formed of a scintillation material capable of converting non-visible radiation into scintillation light, wherein the scintillator has a plurality of laser-etched micro-voids within the scintillator, each micro-void having an interior surface, and an intrinsic reflective layer is formed on the interior surface of at least some of the micro-voids, wherein the intrinsic reflective layer is formed from the scintillation material.

Laser etched scintillation detector blocks with internally created reflectors

A method and apparatus for automatically detecting a lubricant type and the relative quantity of water present in a test sample of lubricating oil includes the use of an open grid capacitive sensor element that incorporates the lubricating oil as a dielectric medium. The sensor element grid is energized by a frequency variable oscillator that automatically responds to changes in the oil dielectric constant with corresponding frequency changes. As a reference, a sample of new or uncontaminated test oil is confined in wet surface contact with the energized, open grid sensor element. Oscillator frequency changes are measured and recorded, either continuously or at frequent intervals, over a standardized elapsed time interval to generate a reference characterization of the frequency-time relationship distinctive of the particular oil. The same is repeated for a sample of contaminated oil and a corresponding frequency-time relationship generated. Water affinity rate correlations between frequency change and respective states of moisture content are determined and data base recorded. The affinity rate correlations are applied to the respective frequency differentials between the contaminated oil and uncontaminated oil at the end of the test period. Data bases are also recorded of correlations between natural frequency and sample temperature changes that distinguish lubricants by type, use classification or quantity of additive content.

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Lenoir City, TN, United States of America

Alexander Andrew Carey