Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Eupec Europaeische Gesellschaft Fuer Leistungshalbleiter Mbh & Co. Kg

Howaldtswerke-deutsche Werft Gmbh

Albert Hammerschmidt

Hellmut Ahne

Siegfried Birkle

Arno Mattejat

Rainer Leuschner

Josef Lersch

Armin Datz

Erwin Schmidt

Torsten Brandt

Silke Latzel

Johann Kammermaier

Peter Baeuerlein

Recai Sezi

Eberhard Kuhn

Gerhard Schmidt

Eberhard Kuehn

Tobias Noll

Gertrud Falk

Herbert Hartnack

Peter Suchy

Ottmar Voitlein

Gerhard Rittmayer

Igor Mehltretter

Rolf Schulte

Walter Stühler

Ann Dumoulin

Walter Stuehler

Rolf-W Schulte

Wolf-Dieter Domke

Thomas Mandel

Ahne Hellmut

Ewald Gunther

Armin Quante

Frank BÄRNREUTHER

Gerd Ahlf

Manfred Eder

Torsten Lochner

Thomas Mahnke

Sönke Kleine

A fuel cell assembly with at least one PEM fuel cell for generating electrical energy from reactant gases includes at least one membrane/electrode having a membrane coated with platinum electrodes and, respectively positioned on each side, a porous gas diffusion layer, or having a membrane and, respectively positioned on each side, a porous gas diffusion layer coated with a platinum electrode, and also includes bipolar plates that lie against the gas diffusion layers and through which, during operation, a coolant flows, wherein at least one of the platinum electrodes has a smaller area than the gas diffusion layer, where the gas diffusion layer protrudes beyond the platinum electrode for a part of an edge region of the membrane/electrode unit, so that the formation of an electrochemical potential in this part of the edge region of the membrane/electrode unit is prevented in order to prevent damage to the membrane.

Fuel cell assembly and method for operating a fuel cell assembly

A fuel cell assembly with at least one proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell for generating electrical energy from the reactant gases hydrogen and oxygen, which includes at least one membrane/electrode unit having a membrane that is coated with platinum electrodes and, respectively positioned on each side thereof, a porous gas diffusion layer, or which has a membrane and, respectively positioned on each side thereof, a porous gas diffusion layer that is coated with a platinum electrode, and which includes bipolar plates that lie against the gas diffusion layers and through which, during operation, a coolant flows, where access by at least one of the reactant gases to the membrane is blocked by a mechanical block for a part of an edge region of the membrane/electrode unit In order to prevent damage to the membrane.

A humidification cell of a fuel cell apparatus includes a first outer plate and a second outer plate. A gas chamber, a humidification chamber and a water-permeable membrane separating the two chambers, are disposed between the first outer plate and the second outer plate, starting from the first outer plate. A first water-permeable support element that prevents fibers from detaching and also prevents medium flows from blocking narrow gas outlets, is disposed between the first outer plate and the membrane in such a way that the first support element is made of a filter material.

Humidification cell

The invention relates to a contact device which is arranged in a terminal compartment of a fuel cell stack and is used to electrically contact the fuel cell stack. According to the invention, the surface of said contact device is at least partially provided with a hydrophobic surface layer, facilitating the removal of water, e.g., condensation water, from the terminal compartment and thus from the fuel cell stack.

Contact device and fuel cell stack or fuel cell block comprising one such contact device

The invention relates to a bipolar plate, for fuel cells, characterized in comprising a layer of a hydrophobic material which is soluble in a solvent, on the surfaces thereof. Water forms small droplets on the surfaces of the bipolar plate due to said layer, which are loosely held on the surface of the bipolar plate and which can be reliably removed from the fuel cell even with low flow speeds for the operating gases. The thickness of the layer and thus the hydrophobicity thereof and the electrical contact resistance between the bipolar plate and a contacting electrode may be adjusted in a simple manner, by varying the concentration of the hydrophobic material in the solvent.

Bipolar plate and fuel cell comprising such a bipolar plate

The invention relates to a bipolar plate, for fuel cells, including a layer of a hydrophobic material which is soluble in a solvent, on the surfaces thereof. Water forms small droplets on the surfaces of the bipolar plate due to said layer, which are loosely held on the surface of the bipolar plate and which can be reliably removed from the fuel cell even with low flow speeds for the operating gases. The thickness of the layer and thus the hydrophobicity thereof and the electrical contact resistance between the bipolar plate and a contacting electrode may be adjusted in a simple manner, by varying the concentration of the hydrophobic material in the solvent.

Photolithographic structure generation process

PEM fuel cell

A semiconductor component has a semiconductor body with at least on pn-junction therein, extending to the surface of the semiconductor body, and has a passivation layer composed of boron-doped, amorphous, hydrogenous carbon (A-C:H) which covers at least the portion of the pn-junction extending to the surface, the boron content of the passivation layer being between 0.1 per mil and 4% by weight. The passivation layer is manufactured on the semiconductor body by deposition from a high-frequency, low-pressure plasma which is generated in a mixture of gaseous, organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen and gaseous, organic boron compounds.

Semiconductor component having a passivation layer and method for

Multilayer printed circuit boards and multichip-module substrates having at least one layered composite of high-temperature-stable plastic and conductive tracks wherein the plastic is provided with a thin layer of amorphous, hydrogenated carbon (a--C:H) having a water permeation coefficient of &lt;1.1.times.10.sup.-13 m.sup.2 /s. The a--C:H-layer also has a hardness gradient across it.

Multilayer printed circuit boards and multichip-module substrates, with

A method for manufacturing multichip modules having layer sequences made of dielectric material with conducting tracks embedded therein is characterized by the following features: (1) a temperature-resistant, base-resistant polymer having a dielectric constant .ltoreq.3 is used as a dielectric material, which is applied to a non-conductive substrate and serves as an edge boundary for currentless, autocatalytic build-up of the conducting tracks; (2) the dielectric material is provided with a layer made of material which is soluble in organic solvents (lift-off layer); (3) the dielectric material and the lift-off layer are structured in a single lithographic step, either a direct or an indirect structuring taking place and grooves having an aspect ratio .gtoreq.1 being formed in the dielectric material; (4) a metallic seed layer is applied to the dielectric material or rather to the lift-off layer through vapor deposition in a directed manner; (5) the lift-off layer is removed using an organic solvent; and (6) conducting tracks are created in the grooves through currentless metal deposition.

Connection and build-up technique for multichip modules

Cost-effective, negative resists having high thermal stability based on oligomeric and/or polymeric polybenzoxazole precursors are disclosed. Also disclosed are resist solutions having a high level of storage stability when they contain a photoactive component in the form of a bisazide and when the polybenzoxazole precursors are hydroxypolyamides having the following structure: ##STR1## where R, R*, R.sub.1, R.sub.1 * and R.sub.2 are aromatic groups, R.sub.3 is an aromatic group or a norbornene residue, and wherein n.sub.1, n.sub.2 and n.sub.3, are defined as follows:

Negative resists with high thermal stability comprising end capped

Amorphous, hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) having a low interfacial state density is obtained when a-C:H layers that had been produced on a semiconductor substrate through plasma deposition are subjected to a hydrogen treatment at an increased pressure and increased temperature.

Amorphous, hydrogenated carbon as an insulator in device fabrication

Cost-effective, highly heat-resistant positive resists based on oligomer and/or polymer polybenzoxazole precursors and diazo quinones possess a high [level of] stability in storage when the polybenzoxazole precursors are hydroxypolyamides of the following structure: ##STR1## whereby R, R*, R.sub.1, R*.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are aromatic groups, R.sub.3 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic group having at least one alkenyl or alkynyl grouping and, with respect to n.sub.1, n.sub.2 and n.sub.3, the following applies:

Highly heat-resistant positive resists comprising end-capped

Hydroxypolyamides can be obtained in a simple and economical way in a chloride-free manner when

Preparation of hydroxypolyamides

Growing community of inventors

Erlangen, Germany

Albert Hammerschmidt