International Business Machines Corporation

Albert E Ruehli

Daniel Michael Kuchta

Mark B Ritter

Christian Schuster

Ibrahim M Elfadel

Hao Ming Huang

John Harold Magerlein

Howard Harold Smith

Sharad Mehrotra

Peter Feldmann

Barry Jay Rubin

Alina Deutsch

Jagannathan Narasimhan

Jan Elizabeth Garrett

Chuanyi Yang

Jane Grace Kehoe Cullum

Jane Grace Cullum

Methods and apparatus are provided for analyzing transmission lines with decoupling of connectors and other circuit elements. According to one aspect of the invention, circuits with one or more parasitic elements are analyzed by partitioning at least one of the parasitic elements in a transverse manner; identifying a plurality of subcircuits each comprised of partitioned circuit elements from the plurality of transmission lines and one or more parasitic elements in a given path; wherein each of the subcircuits is associated with a path in the circuit; performing a waveform relaxation analysis between each of the subcircuits; and repeating the step of performing the waveform relaxation analysis using waveforms determined in a previous iteration until convergence to a resultant waveform has occurred. The circuit can optionally further comprise one or more transmission lines which would also be partitioned in a transverse manner.

Methods and apparatus for analyzing transmission lines with decoupling of connectors and other circuit elements

An RF device includes a signal layer disposed over a ground plane having radio frequency (RF) transmission lines configured and dimensioned to provide impedance matching along the RF lines. A shield is formed as a part of the RF lines and disposed below the RF choke of a DC current supply to form an intermediate capacitance between the choke and the shield to control parasitic effects.

Impedance matching circuit with simultaneous shielding of parasitic effects for transceiver modules

A model for modeling electromagnetic response in a conductor and in dielectric, a method of modeling the electromagnetic response in the conductor and dielectric and a program product therefor. Coupled supplies (delayed capacitive-current-controlled current sources or delayed inductance-voltage-controlled voltage sources) are low pass filtered in an electromagnetic model for the particular medium, e.g., a Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) model for a conductor or dielectric. Thus, high frequency model instabilities are substantially reduced or eliminated.

Electromagnetic response model with improved high frequency stability

A method for fabricating a transceiver, which simultaneously provides impedance matched transmission for radio frequency (RF) and shields against transmission losses due to parasitic effects includes identifying parasitic electromagnetic elements associated with an RF choke for a given placement on a substrate. RF lines are placed and dimensioned on the bench to form impedance matched RF lines wherein a portion of the RF lines shield the RF choke for a given bandwidth such that impedance matching and control of parasitic effects of the RF choke are simultaneously provided wherein an intermediate capacitance formed between the RF choke and the shield is sized to balance against the parasitic effects to provide a desired transmission response over a selected frequency range.

Methods and apparatus are provided for predicting the number of iterations needed for a computed Transversal Waveform Relaxation solution to achieve a given level of accuracy. In this manner, a Transversal Waveform Relaxation algorithm is disclosed that provides full automation. According to one aspect of the invention, a circuit is analyzed having transmission lines. One or more transmission line parameters of the circuit are obtained, as well as the intrinsic behavior, E(&#x3c9;), and strength of coupling, N(&#x3c9;), of each of the transmission lines. In addition, a relative error bound is obtained for the circuit based on the intrinsic behavior, E(&#x3c9;), and strength of coupling, N(&#x3c9;), of the transmission lines and a predefined error threshold. The process then iterates until the relative error bound satisfies the error threshold.

Methods and apparatus for predicting convergence of a transversal waveform relaxation algorithm

A system and method for analyzing a circuit with transmission lines includes determining which sources influence each of a plurality of transmission lines, based on coupling factors. Transmission line parameters are computed based on the sources, which influence each transmission line. A transient response or frequency response is analyzed for each transmission line by segmenting each line to perform an analysis on that line. The step of analyzing is repeated using waveforms determined in a previous iteration until convergence to a resultant waveform has occurred.

System and method for efficient analysis of transmission lines

The present invention is a method and apparatus for electrically decoupling conductors used to distribute power and ground potentials in electronic packages and chips. Specifically, the present invention utilizes Absorbing Plane Terminators (APTs), which are coupled between ground and power conductors of the electronic package. An APT includes a resistor with a value preferably chosen to match the approximate characteristic impedance of the conductor structures, and a decoupling capacitor connected in series with the resistor. The APT reduces electronic noise and electromagnetic radiation in electronic packages over a wide range of frequencies. The APT also dampens resonances caused by the parasitic inductance of the decoupling capacitor.

Combined resistor-capacitor elements for decoupling in electronic packages

A method comprising a computational procedure for obtaining capacitances for three-dimensional geometries which include multiple regions with different dielectric constants. The methodology is not limited to uniform dielectrics. The dielectric regions can also consist of non-uniform and/or anisotropic materials.

Method for generating an electrical circuit comprising dielectrics

A method comprising a computational procedure for obtaining reduced-order models of partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) models of very large scale integrated (VLSI) interconnects. The methodology is not limited to PEEC applications, and can be used for generating reduced-order models of other systems which can be modeled with linear, time-invariant systems of ordinary differential equations with time delays.

Method for constructing reduced-order models of systems

An apparatus and method is presented for capacitance analysis in chip environments for arbitrary geometries. It uses a process which combines 2-dimensional ascertainments where the length is chosen to fit the solution. Also, the required accuracy may be limited to be within an error range. The technique is also applicable for the analysis of three dimensional capacitances, and importantly also for a mixture of two and three dimensional capacitance ascertainments. In an embodiment the process divides the space into a set of subspaces. The capacitance value for the subspaces are determined using the parallel plate capacitance formula.

Modeling and processing of on-chip interconnect capacitance

A method is provided for analyzing stability and passivity of physical systems. A physical system having time delays is represented as a linear circuit model. The linear circuit model is transformed into a corresponding transform domain circuit model. Sensitivity analysis is applied to the transform domain circuit model for generating information indicative of the stability or the passivity of the physical system having the time delays. A graphical representation may be created of the information indicative of the stability or passivity of the physical system having the time delays.

Method for analyzing the stability and passivity of system models

A method and computer program product are provided for implementing a stable integral equation model for both the time and frequency domains. The stabilization method of the invention is applicable to electric field integral equation (EFIE) formulations, to magnetic field integral equation (MFIE) formulations, and to combined field integral equation (CFIE) formulations. For example, an EFIE formulation can be used in the circuit domain called partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC). Each volume cell is subdivided into a finite number of partitions. A partial inductance term is calculated consisting of a summation over all the finite number of partitions in each cell. Each surface cell is subdivided into a finite number of subcells. A coefficient of potential term is calculated consisting of a summation over all the finite number of subcells in each surface cell. Both the partial inductances and the coefficients of potential are calculated without increasing the number of unknowns. In addition, a damping resistor is added in parallel to the calculated partial inductance in each cell to reduce unwanted resonances outside the useful frequency range.

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Chappaqua, NY, United States of America

Albert E Ruehli