Intel Corporation

Xilinx, Inc.

Other

Alan C Wong

Christopher J Borrelli

Yohan Usthavia Frans

George K Chen

Yu Xu

Caleb S Leung

Gary X Cao

Kun-Yung Chang

Edward Kihyen Lee

Geoffrey Zhang

Winson Lin

Howard Steven Rosen

Brandon L Ward

Nancy J Wheeler

Jeff Drautz

Joseph D Shindler

Max Lau

Hong Sik Ahn

Parag Upadhyaya

Yang Liu

Hongtao Zhang

Zhaoyin D Wu

Michael O Jenkins

Sarosh Azad

Robert M Ondris

Loren Jones

Seu Wah Low

Zao Liu

Ivan O Madrigal

Murtuza Z Cutleriwala

A method relates generally to comparison of a communications system modelled with a behavioral model and implemented with a circuit realization. In this method, operation of the communications system is simulated with the behavioral model on a computing device to obtain a first pulse response. The simulating includes first equalizing first data with a first equalizer of the behavioral model to obtain the first pulse response. The circuit realization is operated to obtain a second pulse response. The operating includes: second equalizing second data corresponding to the first data with a second equalizer of the circuit realization to obtain the second pulse response. The second pulse response from the circuit realization is loaded to memory of the computing device. The first pulse is loaded to the memory of the computing device. The first pulse response and the second pulse response are compared with one another by the computing device.

Method and system for correlation of a behavioral model to a circuit realization for a communications system

Apparatus and associated methods relating to reducing lock time include pre-calibrating and storing phase-locked loop (PLL) and/or injection-locked oscillator (ILO) adaptation values during startup and loading the pre-calibrated values during rate change. In an illustrative example, an integrated circuit may include a controllable frequency circuit operable at frequencies within each of a plurality of frequency bands. A data store may store operational settings associated with each frequency of the plurality of frequency bands. A state machine may be coupled to the controllable frequency circuit and the data store configured to select a predetermined frequency band in response to a command signal, retrieve, from the data store, operational settings associated with the predetermined frequency band, and, apply the retrieved operational settings to the controllable frequency circuit. With the pre-calibration, PLL and/or ILO lock times during rate change in a multi-rate serializer/deserializer (SERDES) link may be advantageously reduced.

Apparatus and method to reduce lock time via frequency band calibration

A circuit includes an AGC adaptation circuit configured to receive a first signal generated based on an AGC output signal from an AGC circuit. The AGC circuit applies an AGC gain to an AGC input signal to generate the AGC output signal. The AGC adaptation circuit determines an observed value of the first signal, and determines a AGC adaptation step size based on the observed value and a predetermined target value associated with the first signal. The AGC adaptation circuit provides a second signal to adjust the AGC gain of the AGC circuit using the AGC adaptation step size.

System and method for automatic gain control adaptation

Apparatus and associated methods relate to using a high learning rate to speed up the training of a receiver and switching from a high learning rate to a low learning rate for fine tuning based on exponentially weighted moving average convergence. In an illustrative example, a selection circuit may switch the high learning rate to the low learning rate based on a comparison of a moving average difference eto a predetermined stability criteria Tof the receiver. The moving average difference emay include an exponentially weighted moving average of a difference between two consecutive exponentially weighted moving averages of an operation parameter uof the signal communication channel. By using this method, the training time for the receiver may be advantageously reduced.

Adaptive method to reduce training time of receivers

An example method of clock and data recovery in a receiver includes generating data samples and crossing samples of a received signal based on a data clock signal and a crossing clock signal, respectively, which are derived from a sampling clock signal; adjusting a phase of the sampling clock signal using a clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit based on the data samples and the crossing samples; adjusting relative phase between the data clock signal and the crossing clock signal from a first phase difference to a second phase difference that is less than ninety degrees; and reverting the relative phase between the data clock signal and the crossing clock signal to the first phase difference after a threshold time period.

Temporal change in data-crossing clock phase difference to resolve meta-stability in a clock and data recovery circuit

An example method of clock and data recovery in a receiver includes generating data samples and crossing samples of a received signal based on a data phase and a crossing phase, respectively, of a sampling clock supplied by a phase interpolator in the receiver; generating a phase detect result signal in response to phase detection of the data samples and the crossing samples; filtering the phase detect result signal to generate a phase interpolator code, the phase interpolator generating the sampling clock based on the phase interpolator code; determining an average phase detect result from the phase detect result signal; and adjusting the phase interpolator code in response to the average phase detect result being less than a threshold value.

Resolving meta-stability in a clock and data recovery circuit

An apparatus, composition, and method for affixment of dissimilar materials, that includes a ceramic longwise member having a distal portion and a proximal portion that has a pilot, also included is a steel receptacle including primary and secondary voids that are co-axial and in communication with one another. The longwise member pilot is received in the primary void with the remainder of the proximal portion having an open gap within the secondary void, wherein adhesive is disposed within the open gap and the distal portion projects beyond the receptacle. Operationally, resulting in the longwise member and the receptacle resisting a separating force apart from one another.

Dissimilar material affixment apparatus, composition, and method

A method relates generally to a receiver. In such a method, a check of a clock and data recovery block of the receiver for a metastable state is performed. A phase input to a phase interpolator of the receiver is changed to cause the clock and data recovery block of the receiver to exit the metastable state within a time limit. To check for the metastable state, a phase difference in received data is determined, and the phase difference is determined to be less than a threshold for the clock and data recovery block being in the metastable state.

Fast locking CDR for burst mode

An apparatus relating generally to a transmitter-side of a transceiver or a transmitter used to provide a clock signal is disclosed. In this apparatus, a first signal source is to provide a first periodic signal. A second signal source is to provide a second periodic signal. A first multiplexer is coupled to receive the first periodic signal and the second periodic signal to provide a selected one thereof as a first selected output. A phase interpolator is coupled to the first multiplexer to receive the first selected output. The phase interpolator includes a second multiplexer. The second multiplexer is coupled to receive the first selected output and a phase-interpolated version of the first selected output to output a selected one thereof as a second selected output. A divider is coupled to the second multiplexer to receive the second selected output to provide the clock signal.

Transceiver for providing a clock signal

A dental tool for use in photo-cured filling processes. The dental tool includes a tool tip formed from a material that allows the transmission of ultraviolet and visible light wavelengths through the tool tip without significant distortion or reflection. The material is also relatively high strength so not to shatter or break during use. The fill material will also not easily adhere to the tool. The material of a preferred embodiment is sapphire. The tool is able to continue to compact and shape the fill material while the composite polymer fill material is undergoing photo-curing. The light beam used for photo-curing is able to safely pass through the tool without the risk of damage to the surrounding tissue from reflection or distortion of the light beam.

Dental tools for photo-curing of dental fillings

In an embodiment of the present invention, a device includes a first etched feature located in a critical dimension scanning electron microscope (CD-SEM) characterization location, the first etched feature having an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section wherein the middle section is severely shrunk relative to a corresponding middle section of a second etched feature having similar dimensions and composition that is not located in a CD-SEM characterization location. In another embodiment of the present invention, the middle section of the first etched feature has a shrinkage carryover exceeding a threshold. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the middle section of the first etched feature exhibits a line edge roughness.

Device having etched feature with shrinkage carryover

The present invention describes a method including: determining field-clustering scheme; selecting initial sample plan; establishing initial model of overlay, the initial model of overlay comprising components; and establishing efficient model of overlay from the initial model of overlay including: constructing matrices; identifying redundant components and eliminating the redundant components; and identifying highly-correlated components and determining whether to eliminate the highly-correlated components.

Dynamic sampling with efficient model for overlay

The present invention describes a test structure with a first set of features which is a subset of product features; and a second set of features adjacent to the first set of features, the second set occupying a smaller area than the first set and the second set being similar to the first set yet being distinguishable from surrounding structures.

Enhanced uniqueness for pattern recognition

A CD-SEM (critical dimension-scanning electron microscope) system may utilize a technique for characterizing and reducing shrinkage carryover due to CD-SEM measurements. The system may identify the affects of CD-SEM measurements on the resist and adjust the operating parameters for a particular resist to avoid or significantly reduce shrinkage carryover. In this manner, the system may obtain more reliable CD measurements and avoid damage to the measured feature.

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San Jose, CA, United States of America

Alan C Wong