Kobe Steel, Ltd.

Akira Toyama

Koji Ishizaki

Yukio Nakako

Toshio Kanazawa

In a heat exchanger comprising a plurality of first heat-transfer elements (A) for a fluid of higher temperature and second heat-transfer elements (B) for a fluid of lower temperature joined alternately and adjacently and a suitable number of appropriately shaped fins disposed within said elements and wherein the heat exchange is performed between the fluid (a) of higher temperature and the fluid (b) of lower temperature and at least the fluid (a) is changed in phase during the heat exchange, the improvement of providing such a heat exchanger with the ability to rectify the condensate from the fluid (a) and to recover the rectified liquid, wherein the fins in the lower part of the element (A) are so arranged that the fluid (a) entering from a port into the element (A) flows upwards smoothly with contact with the liquid condensed from the fluid (a) at the upper part of the element (A), which flows down through the heat exchanger. The condensed liquid flows down through the fins and is taken out from a port provided at the lowest part of the element (A). Accordingly, condensation of a gaseous fluid and rectification of the resulting condensate are both performed with high efficiency in the same apparatus.

Heat exchanger with rectification effect

A process for the removal and conversion into sulfur of hydrogen sulfide in a gaseous or liquid material which comprises essentially treating the said material with an oxidative lignin prepared by treating lignins with oxidizing agents, nitrating agents and/or demethylating agents and, if desired, introducing hydrophilic groups into the resultant product. The lignins include protolignin, isolated lignins and other denatured lignins. The process is advantageous essentially in that hydrogen sulfide can be removed economically and converted completely into sulfur, and that the desulfurization agents, i.e. the oxidative lignins, are non-toxic and non-corrosive.

Hydrogen sulfide removal

A process for removal and conversion into sulfur of hydrogen sulfide in a gaseous or liquid material which comprises essentially treating the said material with a nitrohumic acid or its salt prepared by treating humic acid with a nitrating agent and, if necessary, converting the resultant into an alkaline salt. The process is advantageous essentially in that hydrogen sulfide can be removed economically and converted into sulfur, and that the desulfurization agent, i.e. a nitrohumic acid or its salt is non-toxic and non-corrosive.

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Kobe, Japan

Akira Toyama