Nitto-denko Corporation

Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Akira Ohtani

Masao Abe

Yoshihiro Uetani

Hiroyuki Higuchi

Minoru Ezoe

Hiroyuki Yoshimi

Takashi Yamaoka

Kuniaki Ishibashi

Keisuke Kii

Michio Umeda

Keiji Nakamoto

Shinya Akizuki

Yasuhiro Umemoto

Keiko Mochizuki

Yasuhito Funada

Toshiyuki Kawashima

Kenichi Inoue

Daisuke Uenda

Keisuike Kii

Naoki Tada

Yuichi Nishikoji

The invention provides a fuel cell which comprises a solid polymer electrolyte sandwiched between a cathode to which an oxidizing agent gas is supplied and an anode to which a reducing agent gas is supplied, wherein at least one of the electrodes has an electroconductive organic polymer which has an oxidation-reduction function as an electrode catalyst. The invention further provides a fuel cell in which the electrode catalyst comprises a mixture of an electroconductive organic polymer and an inorganic oxidation-reduction catalyst, and has a higher output power.

Electrically conductive polyaniline composition and method

Fuel cell

A liquid crystal cell substrate having a polarizing function is disclosed which can be extremely thin and lightweight and is excellent in heat resistance, impact resistance and quality stability. The liquid crystal cell substrate comprises a resin substrate and, closely adhered thereon, at least a gas barrier layer, a crosslinked resin layer and a polarizing layer, wherein the polarizing layer comprises a coating layer. This cell substrate, having a polarizing function and high durability, can be efficiently produced because an exceedingly thin polarizing layer having excellent heat resistance can be deposited on a resin substrate by coating and because a gas barrier layer and a crosslinked resin layer also can be easily formed. It is excellent in moisture resistance, gas resistance and impact resistance, can be extremely thin and lightweight, and has excellent heat resistance. With this liquid crystal cell substrate, a liquid crystal cell excellent in the long-term stability of display quality can be fabricated.

Liquid crystal cell substrate including resin substrate, gas barrier layer, crosslinked resin layer and polarizing layer

A composite retarder plate is constituted by a combination of at least one retarder film and at least one liquid-crystal phase sheet. The liquid-crystal phase sheet includes a transparent substrate, and a liquid-crystal polymer layer provided on the transparent substrate. At least one of refractive indices nx, ny and nz of the retarder film is different from the other refractive indices when nx and ny are main refractive indices (nx&gE;ny) in in-plane directions and nz is a refractive index in a direction of the thickness of the composite retarder plate, respectively. All the refractive indices nx, ny and nz of the transparent substrate are different from one another. The retarder film, the transparent substrate and the liquid-crystal polymer layer are different in wavelength dependence of birefringence. The retarder film and the transparent substrate are different in Nz defined by the expression (nx&minus;nz)/(nx&minus;ny). Each of the retarder film and the transparent substrate is constituted by a film having non-liquid-crystal high molecules oriented. An optically compensatory polarizing plate, and a liquid-crystal display device is provided by disposing the aforementioned composite retarder plate on an absorption type polarizing plate.

COMPOSITE RETARDER PLATE HAVING RETARDER FILM WITH AT LEAST ONE REFRACTIVE INDEX DIFFERENT FROM THE OTHER INDICES AND A LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER PHASE SHEET HAVING A TRANSPARENT LAYER WITH ALL REFRACTIVE INDICES DIFFERENT FROM ONE ANOTHER

This invention relates to a conducting organic polymer formed by doping an organic polymer with a protonic acid having a dissociation constant value pKa of less than 4.8, wherein the organic polymer has, as the main repeating unit, a compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein, m and n, respectively, show the molar fraction of the quinonediimine structural unit and phenylenediamine structural unit in the repeating unit, and 0&lt;m&lt;1, 0&lt;n&lt;1, and m+n=1; and the organic polymer is soluble in an organic solvent in the undoped state, and has an intrinsic viscosity �.eta.! of more than 0.4 dl/g measured in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at 30.degree. C. This invention also relates to a film formed of the conducting organic polymer and a conducting organic polymer composition.

Organic polymer, conducting organic polymer, production methods and uses

A waste water treatment apparatus which can discharge cleaned waste water while separating and recovering insoluble granular components such as emulsions contained in various kinds of waste waters and various kinds of industrial waste waters, while minimizing the decrease of permeation flux by an effective separation membrane washing, and a washing method of the apparatus are disclosed. In washing the separation membrane, a passageway for water permeated through the separation membrane is intercepted, and a compressed gas is introduced into at least a waste feeding side of the separation membrane for a predetermined time, thereby flowing a gas liquid mixed liquid.

Waste water treatment apparatus and washing method thereof

An organic polymer solution composition and a process for producing an electrically conductive organic polymer using the composition are disclosed. The composition comprising in organic polymer having an imino-p-phenylene structural unit represented by formula (I): ##STR1## as the main repeating unit, a protonic acid salt, and an organic solvent, the polymer and the salt being dissolved in the organic solvent.

Process for producing electrically conductive organic polymer composition

A solid electrolytic capacitor comprising a film-forming metal, a dielectric oxide film formed thereon, and an electrically conductive composite polymer film formed on the dielectric oxide film as a solid electrolyte,

Solid electrolytic capacitor and process for producing the same

A process for producing an electrically conductive organic polymer, which comprises subjecting an organic polymer having an imino-p-phenylene structural unit represented by the following formula ##STR1## as the main repeating unit to a doping treatment with a solution having dissolved therein a quinone series oxidizing agent together with a protonic acid.

Process for producing electrically conductive organic polymer

This invention relates to an organic polymer having, as the main repeating unit, the compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein, m and n respectively show the molar fraction of quinonediimine structure unit and phenylenediamine structure unit in the repeating unit, and 0&lt;m&lt;1, 0&lt;n&lt;1, and m+n=1.), and soluble in an organic solvent in an undoped state, and having the intrinsic viscocity [.eta.] of more than 0.4 dl/g measured in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at 30.degree. C., and a conducting organic polymer formed by doping a protonic acid to such a polymer.

An organic polymer solution comprising an organic solvent and, dissolved therein, (a) an organic polymer which has an imino-p-phenylene structural unit of the formula ##STR1## as a major repeating unit and is organic solvent-soluble, (b) a protonic acid having a pK.sub.a value of 4.8 or less or a derivative thereof, (c) at least one member selected from the group consisting of an oxidizing agent which does not have oxidizing ability at ordinary temperature but has oxidizing ability at temperatures not lower than 60.degree. C., and an oxidation catalyst.

Organic polymer solution

A conducting organic polymer battery is disclosed, which comprises a cathode comprising a conducting organic polymer doped with a polymer anion having a number of anionic groups in the molecule thereof, an anode comprising a metal having a redox potential lower than that of the conducting organic polymer, and an electrolyte solution or a solid electrolyte as an ion conductive phase. In the battery, the ion concentration in an electrolyte solution does not substantially change during charging and discharging.

Growing community of inventors

Osaka, Japan

Akira Ohtani