Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha

Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha

Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Nippon Soken, Inc.

Nippondenso Co., Ltd.

Akira Nakamura

Takao Nakaya

Shigeyuki Akita

Junji Kitagawa

Norimichi Kasegawa

Masato Oguri

Keiichi Yano

Hiroaki Yoshida

Hiroshi Arai

Akio Sugiura

Hideyuki Aizawa

Shiro Monzaki

Atutoshi Okamoto

Yoko Arai

Norifumi Yamamoto

Masashi Ohta

Daisuke Kubo

Masatoshi Yoneyama

Koichi Toyama

A spray gun, which contains: a coating liquid nozzle configured to discharge a coating liquid from an outlet; and a flow channel forming member configured to surround an outer perimeter surface of the coating liquid nozzle to form an air flow channel, through which atomizing air passes, between the outer perimeter surface of the coating liquid nozzle and the flow channel forming member, wherein the spray gun is configured to atomize the coating liquid with the atomizing air to spray the atomized coating liquid to a coating target, wherein a gap T of the narrowest part of the air flow channel is 0.48 mm or smaller, and wherein a ratio T/L of the gap T to a distance L from the narrowest part to an apical surface at which the outlet of the coating liquid nozzle is open is 0.60 or greater.

Spray gun for coating, spray coating device, and method for producing electrophotographic photoconductor

A disclosed flange member includes a press-fitted portion to be press-fitted in an axial end-opening portion of a hollow and cylindrical sleeve member; an axle opening portion including an axle opening into which a shaft member is inserted when the press-fitted portion is press-fitted in the end-opening portion; and a linking portion extending in a direction parallel to a circular cross section of the sleeve member and connecting the axle opening portion to the press-fitted portion. The linking portion includes a stress-absorbing portion that is deformed so as to absorb stress to which an outer peripheral surface of the press-fitted portion is subjected upon contact with an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve member when the press-fitted portion is press-fitted in the end-opening portion, thus preventing the stress from being transmitted to the axle opening portion via the linking portion.

Flange member, photosensitive drum, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method

Vehicle motion control devices and methods systematically treat a conditions of each wheel to acquire and maintain the vehicle behavior stability together with anti wheel lock and wheel spin processing, braking forces distribution. Device for controlling a running behavior of a vehicle estimates a road reaction force on each wheel, calculates a yaw moment around a centroid of the vehicle body generated by the road reaction force on each wheel, and controls driving and braking forces on each wheel based upon the yaw moments so as to stabilize a running of the vehicle. Spin and Drift conditions are detected through presently generated yaw moments and critical yaw moments which can be generated by a road reaction force assumed to be maximized. Physical parameters of each wheels, required for detecting and controlling the behavior of the vehicle are estimated with a theoretical tire model.

Vehicle motion control device and method

An apparatus and method that determines a maximum road friction coefficient for each wheel regardless of whether the tire is in a predetermined drive slip state, and whether the wheel is a driving wheel. The braking force of each wheel is calculated, and the longitudinal force of the tire of each wheel is calculated. Then, the driving force of the vehicle is calculated, and the lateral force of the tire of each wheel is calculated. Next, the reaction force of the road to each wheel is calculated, and the vertical load of each wheel is calculated. Finally, the ratio of variation in reaction force of the road to variation in composite slip ratio is calculated for each wheel. The sum of the ratio of the reaction force of the road to the vertical load, and the product of a predetermined coefficient and the ratio of variation in reaction force of the road to variation in composite slip ratios is calculated for each wheel as the maximum road friction coefficient.

Apparatus and method for estimating maximum road friction coefficient

A pressure boosting device as used in a vehicle brake system or other hydraulically operated system wherein the boosting device is connected to a mechanically operated pressure regulator for producing a manually controlled pressure, an electrically controlled pressure regulator and a hydraulically operated actuator, and includes a booster piston for boosting an electrically controlled pressure produced by the electrically controlled pressure regulator so that the boosted pressure is applied to the actuator, and a valve mechanism having an open and a closed position which are established when the booster piston is placed in its original position and moved away from the original position, respectively. In the open position, the actuator communicates with the mechanically operated pressure regulator. In the closed position, the actuator is disconnected from the mechanically operated pressure regulator, to permit the booster piston to boost the electrically controlled pressure.

Hydraulic pressure booster having booster piston and valve mechanism

An anti-lock braking-pressure control apparatus for a vehicle having a plurality of wheels, including at least one wheel speed sensor which detects respective actual speeds of the wheels of the vehicle, at least one solenoid-operated valve which regulates respective braking pressures applied to the wheels, a ground-speed sensor which detects a ground-speed of the vehicle as a running speed thereof relative to a road surface, and a controller which electrically operates, for preventing locking of each of the wheels, a corresponding one of the one or more solenoid-operated valves at a controlled duty cycle, the controller selecting one of a plurality of duty-cycle determining rules, and determining the duty cycle of the corresponding one solenoid-operated valve according to the selected one duty-cycle determining rule, the plurality of duty-cycle determining rules comprising (A) a first determining rule wherein the duty cycle is determined based on both (a) a wheel speed error that is a deviation of the actual speed of the each wheel from a target wheel speed obtained based on the ground-speed of the vehicle, and (b) a time derivative of the wheel speed error, and (B) a second determining rule wherein the duty cycle is determined based on one of (a) the wheel speed error and (b) the time derivative of the wheel speed error.

Duty cycle controller for anti-lock braking-pressure regulating valve,

A diaphragm for loudspeakers and the like comprises a diaphragm base component formed of ceramics of a three-dimensional network structure so as to be light in weight, high in bending stiffness, easy to make and high in sound velocity. The diaphragm base component is sealed by a sealing material so as to be made air-permeable. This diaphragm is made by impregnating combustible foamed plastics material with a ceramic slurry, baking the ceramic impregnated foamed plastics to burn off the foamed plastics material, and the diaphragm base component sealing with the sealing material.

Method for making a diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer

A diaphragm of a loudspeaker is made up of a plurality of laminated composite sheets each including a number of fibers, for example, carbon fibers having a high Young's modulus to density ratio, and a matrix bonding together the fibers. Each composite sheet is divided into a plurality of adjoining sections formed by dividing the composite sheet about the center axis of the diaphragm. The divided composite sheets are laminated such that joints between adjacent sections of one composite sheet do not overlap joints between adjacent sections of the other composite sheet. In other embodiments a similar composite sheet is spirally bonded to the outer surface of the diaphragm or rings having different diameters and made of similar composite sheet are coaxially bonded along the outer surface of the diaphragm.

Diaphragm of electroacoustic transducer and method of manufacturing the

A torque sensor generates an electric signal representing a change in the state of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling between first and second rotors coupled together by a torsion spring. The change is caused with relative rotation of the two rotors caused by detected torque in a power assisted steering system of an automotive vehicle.

Torque sensor

A planar type electro-acoustic transducer having a disk-like inner diaphragm member to the top end inner side of a voice coil bobbin, and having an annular outer diaphragm member concentric with said inner diaphragm member and conjugated to the top end outer side of the voice coil bobbin, in such way that these two diaphragm members jointly constitute a single planar type diaphragm. This arrangement increases the conjugation strength of the diaphragm members to the voice coil bobbin and also enables a new manufacturing process for the transducer in which the diaphragm and the coil bobbin are easily centered.

Planar type electro-acoustic transducer and process for manufacturing

In an electro-acoustic transducer in a loud speaker and like devices, a diaphragm and/or a voice coil bobbin is or are formed by a composite material consisting of a foamed resin containing reinforcing fibers. Such diaphragm has a large Young's modulus-to-density ratio E/.rho., a large internal loss tan.delta. and a large flexural rigidity E.I, and thus it exhibits good characteristics in sound reproducing. Such voice coil bobbin which is an electric insulator can have a small thickness and is light in weight and has a large mechanical strength, and thus it is free from adversely affecting the vibration of the diaphragm, and accordingly, the sound reproduced.

Electro-acoustic transducer

A diaphragm for electro-acoustic transducer which, as a component member, utilizes a layer of ceramics material, by which the E/.rho. ratio of the diaphragm can be increased, leading to an elevated resonance frequency of the diaphragm, whereby the limit frequency for reproducting of high-pitch sound can be shifted high, thus making it possible to widen the range of piston motion of the diaphragm, and to thereby improve its frequency characteristic. Also, a diaphragm utilizing a composite board formed by lamination of a layer of ceramics material and a layer of light-weight metal eliminates the fragility of diaphragm would entail when the diaphragm utilizes a single layer of a ceramics material alone, and thus the handling of the diaphragm is facilitated.

Diaphragm for electro-acoustic transducer

A diaphragm for electro-acoustic transducer comprising a core member of honeycomb structure made of either a thin film of a metal or a high molecular material, and a skin member bonded to at least one side of this honeycomb core structure and being prepared by the use of aromatic polyamide fibers having a high tensile strength, a high Young's modulus and a high Young's modulus-to-weight ratio and reinforced by a thermo-setting resin. Such diaphragm has a high Young's modulus, an improved mechanical strength and a wide frequency range of piston motion, and presents reduced distortion throughout a wide frequency range, and has a superior transition characteristic, whereby a good sound reproduction characteristic is obtained.

A booster having a feature of stroke jumping. In this type of booster a power piston, which is actuated by the difference of fluid pressure acting on either side thereof, is so constructed as to be able to shift, in relation to a control piston with a built-in control valve for controlling the fluid pressure, within a certain limited distance. Between the output member of the booster and the two pistons, i.e., power and control, is disposed a power lever, which is abutted at either end thereof on the output portion of the two pistons and at the middle portion thereof on the output member, for transmitting the movement of both pistons to the output member, while allowing the relative movement of both pistons. The output stroke of this booster can be made greater than the input stroke by means of the relative movement of the power piston to the control piston.

Growing community of inventors

Shizuoka, Japan

Akira Nakamura