Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Akihiro Maruyama

Masato Tanaka

Yuki Yamamoto

Michiyo Sekiya

Kazunori Noguchi

Harunobu Ogaki

Kunihiko Sekido

Atsushi Okuda

Tatsuya Yamaai

Yuka Ishiduka

Shinji Takagi

Nobuhiro Nakamura

Atsushi Fujii

Kenichi Kaku

Takashi Anezaki

Hideaki Nagasaka

Kaname Watariguchi

Hideharu Shimozawa

Kazuko Sakuma

Takeshi Murakami

Daisuke Miura

Kohei Makisumi

Shuhei Iwasaki

Hirofumi Kumoi

Masataka Kawahara

Tsutomu Nishida

Kazumichi Sugiyama

Hiroyuki Tomono

Tatsuya Ikezue

Yota Ito

Hiroki Uematsu

Haruyuki Tsuji

Shoma Hinata

Hirotoshi Uesugi

Kazuko Araki

Takahisa Taniguchi

Masahiro Watanabe

Satoshi Nishida

Shuntaro Watanabe

Taichi Sato

Takanori Mitani

Hiroyuki Watanabe

Daisuke Kawaguchi

Masashi Nishi

Tomohito Taniguchi

Naoki Fukushima

Jumpei Kuno

Atsushi Uematsu

Takehiko Aoyama

Noboru Miyagawa

Hiroto Hirayama

Shinobu Iijima

Takahiro Nagase

Shintarou Goto

Taneyuki Kinoshita

The present disclosure provides a photoelectric conversion element including a first electrode, a second electrode, a photoelectric conversion layerbetween the first electrodeand the second electrode, and a reflection layerbetween one of the first electrodeand the second electrodeand the photoelectric conversion layer. The wavelength at which the reflectance of the reflection layeris maximum in the visible region is within the range of wavelengths in which the optical absorption coefficient of the photoelectric conversion layeris ⅕ or more of the maximum optical absorption coefficient in the visible region.

Photoelectric conversion element and photoelectric conversion device including the photoelectric conversion element

The electrophotographic apparatus includes: an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a charging unit; an image-exposing unit; a charge transfer amount-sensing unit for sensing the amount of charge transferred to the electrophotographic photosensitive member; and an exposed portion potential-controlling unit for controlling the potential of each of the exposed portions of the electrophotographic photosensitive member based on a sensing result, which is obtained by charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member with the charging unit, performing image exposure with the image-exposing unit in at least one light amount weaker than a light amount in which the normalized radius of curvature R of the electrophotographic photosensitive member represented by the following equation (E1), the normalized radius of curvature being obtained by a method of measuring an EV curve, shows a minimum, and in at least two light amounts stronger than the light amount in which the normalized radius of curvature shows the minimum.

Electrophotographic apparatus

Provided is an electrophotographic apparatus which uses a light emitting diode array as an exposure unit and exposes a photosensitive member to a quantity of light from the LED array whose average light quantity satisfies 0.8×E min or more and 1.1×E min or less on condition that a normalized radius of curvature R of a normalized graph derived from the E-V curve of the photosensitive member has a minimum value of 0.24 or less, and a light quantity at the minimum value of the normalized radius of curvature R is E min [μJ/cm]. This electrophotographic apparatus prevents both the occurrence of image unevenness due to light quantity variation among the elements of the LED array and the generation of ghost images due to a rest potential.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a support; an undercoat layer; a charge generation layer; and a charge transport layer, wherein the undercoat layer contains a polyamide resin and a titanium oxide fine particle, and on the surface of the undercoat layer, an arithmetic mean roughness Ra and an average length Rsm of a roughness curve element both according to JIS B0601:2001 satisfy Ra≤50 nm and 0.1≤Ra/Rsm≤0.5; and the charge generation layer contains a hydroxygallium phthalocyanine pigment, wherein the hydroxygallium phthalocyanine pigment includes crystal particles having a crystal form exhibiting peaks at 7.4°±0.3° and 28.2°±0.3° at Bragg angles 2θ in a spectrum of X-ray diffraction using a CuKα, ray; and in a size distribution of the crystal particles, which is measured using small-angle X-ray scattering, a peak exists in a range of 20 to 50 nm, and the peak has a half-value width of 50 nm or smaller.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus

Provided is an electrophotographic apparatus including: an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a voltage application unit configured to cause discharge from an electroconductive member to the electrophotographic photosensitive member; a charge transfer amount detection unit configured to detect a charge transfer amount per unit time resulting from the discharge from the electroconductive member to the electrophotographic photosensitive member; and a charging potential control unit, wherein Vand Vdefined by specific procedures for the electrophotographic photosensitive member satisfy a relationship represented by the following expression (E-4): 100V<V−V(E-4), and wherein the charging potential control unit is configured to control the charging potential of the electrophotographic photosensitive member at the time of image formation.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member, which is suppressed in occurrence of fogging and is excellent in abrasion resistance. In the electrophotographic photosensitive member, an outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a polymerized product of a composition comprising at least a polyrotaxane and a monomer having a polymerizable reactive group, and a chain molecule of the polyrotaxane has two blocking groups at both terminals thereof, and a (meth)acryloyloxy group of a cyclic molecule of the polyrotaxane forms a bond.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a photosensitive layer on the support, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a surface layer comprising a polymerization product of a composition containing polyrotaxane and a charge transporting substance, and the polymerization product including a bond between the polyrotaxane and the charge transporting substance.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

A method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoconductor including a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer in this order on a cylindrical electrically-conductive support including the steps of: (i) immersing the support in a charge generating layer coating liquid, (ii) pulling the support out of the coating liquid, (iii) heat drying the support coated with the coating liquid to form the charge generating layer, (iv) cooling the charge generating layer, and (v) immersing the support on which the charge generating layer has been formed in a charge transport layer coating liquid while retaining gas inside of the support. The charge transport layer coating liquid contains a solvent having a boiling point of 34&#xb0; C. or more and 85&#xb0; C. or less, and the step (v) satisfies two specific conditions.

Method for manufacturing electrophotographic photoconductor

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order. The undercoat layer contains a cured product of a composition containing an electron transport material, a particle having an average primary particle size of 10 nm or more, and a silicone oil. A content of the particle in the undercoat layer is 3% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. A content of the silicone oil in the undercoat layer is 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less relative to the content of the particle.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, electrophotographic apparatus, and method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

An electrophotographic photoreceptor abuts against a charging member and/or a developer carrying member with an abutting member therebetween, has a first portion and a second portion abutting against the abutting member along the longitudinal direction of the photoreceptor, and includes a support, a charge generating layer containing a charge generation material, and a surface layer in this order. The first portion includes an undercoat layer containing a polymer of a composition containing an electron transport material and a crosslinking agent and being contiguous with the surface of the charge generating layer facing the support. The second portion includes (i) an intermediate layer being disposed between and being contiguous with the support and the charge generating layer and/or (ii) an intermediate layer being disposed between and being contiguous with the charge generating layer and the surface layer, wherein the intermediate layers each have a Martens hardness of 500 N/mmor less.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order, the charge transport layer containing a charge transport material. The charge transport layer is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and contains a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit selected from group A and a structural unit selected from group B.  

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, method for manufacturing electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

A support, a conductive layer, and an intermediate layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member have a particular surface profile. The intermediate layer is a cured film containing particles.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

An image forming method in which a surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a compound having a specific structure in an amount of 0.1% to 10% by mass based on the total mass of the surface layer, and in a charged region of the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member charged in a charging step, a non-image forming region in which an electrostatic latent image is not formed is not irradiated with destaticizing light or is irradiated with reduced destaticizing light.

Image forming method, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order, the charge transport layer containing a charge transport material. The charge transport layer is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and contains a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit selected from group A and a structural unit selected from group B (groups A and B defined in the disclosure).

An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a support, an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer and a hole transporting layer disposed in this order. The undercoat layer contains silica particles and a polymer of a composition including an electron transporting material having a polar group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a thiol group, an amino group, a carboxy group and a methoxy group, and a cross-linking agent. The content of the electron transporting material in the composition is 30 to 70 mass % relative to the total mass of the composition and the content of the silica particles in the undercoat layer is 1 to 30 mass % relative to the total mass of the electron transporting material.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, manufacturing method of electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus

Growing community of inventors

Mishima, Japan

Akihiro Maruyama