Apple Inc.

Leland Stanford Junior University

Technion Research & Development Foundation Limited

Aaron L Holsteen

Xiaokai Li

Zhibing Ge

Cheng Kai Chen

Yuan Chen

Mark Luitzen Brongersma

Victor H Yin

Chaohao Wang

Jun Li

Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

Dianmin Lin

Young Cheol Yang

Mookyung Son

Daming Xu

Adria Fores Herranz

Erez Hasman

Heesang Suh

Suraj P Gorkhali

Ziqian He

Pieter G Kik

Kaikai Guo

Shin-Ying Lu

In an embodiment, an electronic device includes a display and processing circuitry. The display includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a plurality of rows, wherein a first grouping of the plurality of rows displays image content during a first portion of an image frame, and wherein a second grouping of the plurality of rows displays image content during a second portion of the image frame. The processing circuitry is operatively coupled to the display and determines a velocity associated with the image content displayed by the first grouping of the plurality of rows moving across the display and adjusts a position of the image content displayed by the second grouping of the plurality of rows during the second portion of the image frame.

Motion corrected interleaving

A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. The illumination optics may include a red, green, and blue light sources. The fLCOS panel may produce image light by modulating a series of image frames onto illumination light. Control circuitry may control the illumination optics to produce the illumination light for each image frame in the series of image frames according to a green-heavy illumination sequence that includes first, second, and third time periods. The green light source may be active during each of the first, second, and third time periods. This may allow the green light source to be driven with a lower current density than the other light sources without significantly reducing image quality at an eye box. The lower current density may match the peak efficiency of the green light source, thereby minimizing power consumption by the display.

Optical systems with green-heavy illumination sequences for fLCOS display panels

A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. The display may include a temperature sensor that gathers temperature sensor data. Control circuitry may select a non-square wave drive voltage waveform based on the gathered temperature sensor data and/or based on frame history information for the fLCOS display panel. The control circuitry may control the fLCOS panel to produce image light by driving the fLCOS panel using the selected non-square wave drive voltage waveform. The non-square wave drive voltage waveform may be an overdrive waveform or an underdrive waveform. This may serve to optimize the reflectance of the fLCOS display panel and thus the optical performance of the display module regardless of operating temperature and frame history.

Optical systems having overdriven fLCOS display panels

A flat-panel display device and method to unify response times for all possible grey level transitions in a flat-panel display or an augmented reality display. A pixel drive compensator compares the current frame from a graphics processing unit and two previous frames to compensate for grey-level changes at a pixel level.

Multi-frame buffer for pixel drive compensation

An optical system may include equipment with a housing that is configured to receive external equipment such as a cellular telephone. The external equipment may include a display. To control the persistence of the display, the optical system may include a light modulating layer. The light modulating layer may switch between a transparent state in which display image light is passed through the light modulating layer to reach the viewer and an opaque state in which display image light is blocked by the light modulating layer from reaching the viewer. The light modulating layer may be placed in the transparent state for a portion of each display frame and the opaque state for the remaining portion of each display frame. The light modulating layer may be formed in the housing of the equipment that receives the external equipment or may be formed with the external equipment directly.

Display device with a light modulating layer

An electronic device may include display layers such as liquid crystal display layers and a backlight unit that provides illumination for the display layers. The backlight unit may include light-emitting diodes that emit light into the edge of a light guide film. To minimize the inactive area of the display, the light-emitting diodes may be tightly spaced to approximate a line light source instead of point light sources. Color and/or luminance compensation layers may be incorporated at various locations within the backlight structures to ensure that the backlight provided to the display layers is homogenous. A thin-film transistor layer of the display may be coupled to a printed circuit board by a flexible printed circuit. The flexible printed circuit may have additional solder mask layers to improve robustness, may include encapsulation, and may have traces with a varying pitch.

Electronic device display with a backlight and control circuitry that corrects pixel data to reduce transition artifacts

A monolithic optical device for light manipulation and control at visible wavelengths includes a device layer deposited on an sacrificial layer deposited on a reflective substrate. The device layer comprises an elastic support structure and nanoscale optical antenna elements, arranged such that the nanoscale optical antenna elements are capable of moving vertically in response to application of an electrostatic potential between the device layer and the reflective substrate. The sacrificial layer joins the elastic support structure to the reflective substrate. The reflective substrate is reflective at optical wavelengths.

MEMS actuated high index optical antennas and metafilms for light manipulation and control

A multifunctional dielectric gradient metasurface optical device has a layer of nanoscale dielectric gradient metasurface optical antenna elements deposited on a substrate layer, arranged with spatially varying orientations, shapes, or sizes in the plane of the device such that the optical device has a spatially varying optical phase response capable of optical wavefront shaping. The spatially varying optical phase response is a spatial interleaving of multiple distinct phase profiles corresponding to multiple optical sub-elements, thereby providing multifunctional wavefront shaping in the single optical element.

Spatially multiplexed dielectric metasurface optical elements

Growing community of inventors

Stanford, CA, United States of America

Aaron L Holsteen