Date of Birth: July 2, 1946
Profession: American molecular biologist
Notable Works: Axel is a distinguished molecular biologist and neuroscientist. He developed gene transfer techniques that permit the introduction of virtually any gene into any cell permitting the production of a large number of clinically important proteins and leading to the isolation of a gene for CD4, the cellular receptor for the AIDS virus, HIV. He then applied molecular biology to neuroscience revealing over a thousand genes involved in recognizing odours, a discovery for which he shared the Nobel Prize in 2004.
Prestigious Honours and Awards: Richard Lounsbery Award (1989); Perl-UNC Prize (2002); Gairdner Foundation International Award (2003); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2004); ForMemRS (2014)
Date of Birth: July 1, 1818
Profession: Hungarian physician
Notable Works: He was made famous for realizing that many diseases were contagious and could be drastically reduced by enforcing appropriate hand-washing behaviour by medical caregivers.
Prestigious Honours and Awards: Minor planet 4170 Semmelweis is named after him; The Ignác Semmelweis Prize, the most prestigious Hungarian medical award; Bust of Semmelweis was unveiled at the Queen Mary University of London (2023).
Date of Birth: July 12, 1928
Profession: American organic chemist
Notable Works: He developed the theory and methodology of organic synthesis, specifically retrosynthetic analysis. Corey developed numerous synthetic reagents, methodologies and total syntheses and has advanced the science of organic synthesis considerably.
Prestigious Honours and Awards: Franklin Medal (1978); Chemical Pioneer Award (1981); Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award (1981); Paul Karrer Gold Medal (1982); Tetrahedron Prize (1983); Willard Gibbs Award (1984); Wolf Prize in Chemistry (1986); National Medal of Science (1988); Japan Prize (1989); Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1990); ForMemRS (1998); Priestley Medal (2004)
Date of Birth: July 1, 1872
Profession: French aviator, inventor, and engineer
Notable Works: The first man to fly an airplane across the English Channel, and the first to invent a working monoplane.
Prestigious Honours and Awards: Prix Osiris (1909); Commandeur, Légion d’honneur.
Date of Birth: July 23, 1928
Profession: Astronomer
Notable Works: Her pioneering work in discovering the galaxy rotation problem, dark matter and Rubin–Ford Effect.
Prestigious Honours and Awards: Bruce Medal, Dickson Prize in Science, Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, and the National Medal of Science.
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